ABSTRACT

Sphyraenidae is a cosmopolitan group of marine fishes represented by both extant and extinct taxa with occurrences spanning most of the Cenozoic. Although some species are known from well-preserved specimens with a considerable degree of completeness, most of the fossil record in the family consists of isolated teeth. Fossil occurrences of the genus Sphyraena are described from the Neogene Castilletes fauna of Colombia and the Palmetto and Torreya faunas in the United States. Symphysial teeth are found to differ serially, thus allowing us to refine anatomical descriptions of common isolated fossil remains in the genus Sphyraena. Comparisons with other marine taxa that show hypertrophied symphysial teeth are made in order to assess the taxonomic value of symphysial teeth as diagnostic structures of value in studies of isolated sphyraenid specimens.

摘要

鳞甲科是世界性的海洋鱼类群，以现存和已灭绝的分类单元为代表，其发生范围横跨大多数新生代。尽管从保存完好的标本中可以获悉某些物种的完整程度，但是该家族中的大多数化石记录都由孤立的牙齿组成。哥伦比亚的新近纪卡斯蒂利亚特动物群和美国的帕尔梅托和托雷亚动物群描述了Sphyraena属的化石。Symphysial齿被发现连续不同，从而使我们能够缩小共同分离的化石遗体的解剖学描述在属Sphyraena。进行了与其他海洋类群的比较，这些海洋类群显示出肥大的对称牙齿，以便评估分离的鳞茎标本研究中作为诊断价值结构的对称牙齿的分类学价值。