Abstract

Purpose

Ionizing radiation is found naturally in the environment. Low doses of IR may have beneficial applications, yet there is also potential for detrimental long-term health effects. Impacts following exposure to low levels of IR have been refractory to identification and quantification. Glycoprotein glycosylation is vital to cell–cell communication and organismal function, and sensitive to changes in an organism's macro- and cellular environment. We investigated whether accumulated low doses of IR (LoDIR) affect the N-linked glycoprotein glycans using Medaka fish (Oryzias latipes).

Materials and methods

State-of-the-art methods in radiation exposure and glycan analysis were applied to study N-glycan changes after 190 day exposure at three different rates of gamma irradiation (2.25, 21.01, and 204.3 mGy/day) in wild-type adult Medaka. Tissue N-glycans were analyzed following enzymatic release from extracted proteins.

Results

N-linked glycan profiles are dominated by complex type N-glycans modified with terminal sialic acid and core fucose. Fucosylation and sialylation of N-linked glycoprotein glycans are affected by LoDIR and a subset of N-glycans are involved in the organismal radio–response.

Conclusion

This is the first indication that the glycome can be interrogated for biomarkers that report the impact of chronic exposure to environmental stressors, such as low-level IR.

中文翻译：

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长期暴露于低剂量电离辐射会影响 Medaka (Oryzias latipes) 中糖蛋白 N-连接聚糖的加工

摘要

目的

电离辐射自然存在于环境中。低剂量的 IR 可能有有益的应用，但也有可能对长期健康产生不利影响。暴露于低水平 IR 后的影响难以识别和量化。糖蛋白糖基化对细胞间通讯和机体功能至关重要，并且对机体宏观和细胞环境的变化很敏感。我们使用 Medaka 鱼 (Oryzias latipes) 研究了积累的低剂量 IR (LoDIR) 是否会影响 N 连接的糖蛋白聚糖。

材料和方法

应用最先进的辐射暴露和聚糖分析方法来研究野生型成年鳉在三种不同的伽马辐射率（2.25、21.01 和 204.3 mGy/天）下暴露 190 天后的 N-聚糖变化. 从提取的蛋白质中酶促释放后分析组织 N-聚糖。

结果

N-连接聚糖谱主要是用末端唾液酸和核心岩藻糖修饰的复杂类型 N-聚糖。N-连接糖蛋白聚糖的岩藻糖基化和唾液酸化受 LoDIR 的影响，一部分 N-聚糖参与机体放射反应。

结论

这是第一个表明糖组可以用于报告长期暴露于环境压力源（如低水平 IR）影响的生物标志物的迹象。