ABSTRACT

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine pain anxiety after acquired brain injury (ABI) and its relationship to rehabilitation outcomes.

Materials and Method: Participants consisted of 89 adults with an ABI participating in outpatient rehabilitation therapy. They completed a battery of neuropsychological tests at baseline along with surveys of mood, health-related self-efficacy, and pain anxiety. Separately, occupational therapists assessed basic and instrumental activities of daily living (ADLs) as well as therapy engagement across treatment after the sixth session.

Results: Individuals who reported high pain anxiety had fewer years of formal education, lower self-efficacy, and more emotional distress than those with low pain anxiety. Although Blacks were about half (56%) of the study sample, they comprised the majority (73.1%) of individuals in the high pain anxiety group. Pain anxiety was negatively related to therapy engagement. Moderation analysis using linear regression indicated that pain anxiety moderated the influence of self-efficacy on basic ADLs.

Conclusions: Pain anxiety, particularly when high, is negatively associated with rehabilitation outcomes for individuals with ABI. Among those with high pain anxiety, health-related self-efficacy is an important resilience characteristic to improve functional outcomes. In rehabilitation therapy, pain anxiety provides a novel intervention target to enhance ABI recovery.

摘要

目的：本研究的目的是检查获得性脑损伤（ABI）后的疼痛焦虑及其与康复结果的关系。

材料和方法：参与者包括89位成人，其中ABI参加门诊康复治疗。他们在基线完成了一系列的神经心理学测试，以及对情绪，健康相关的自我效能和疼痛焦虑的调查。第六届会议之后，职业治疗师分别评估了日常生活的基本和工具活动（ADL）以及整个治疗期间的治疗参与度。

结果：与低疼痛焦虑者相比，报告高疼痛焦虑者的受教育年限短，自我效能降低，情绪困扰更大。尽管黑人约占研究样本的一半（56％），但在高疼痛焦虑组中，他们占大多数（73.1％）。疼痛焦虑与治疗投入负相关。使用线性回归的中度分析表明，疼痛焦虑减轻了自我效能对基本ADL的影响。

结论：疼痛焦虑，特别是高疼痛焦虑，与ABI患者的康复结果负相关。在高疼痛焦虑症患者中，健康相关的自我效能感是改善功能结局的重要韧性。在康复治疗中，疼痛焦虑症为提高ABI恢复提供了新的干预目标。