Abstract

Previous studies have shown that the feather growth rate of chicks is determined by two alleles located on the sex chromosome Z; however, in chicken production, feathering is usually not consistently controlled by the sex chromosome. To identify whether the feathering rate is related to autosomal inheritance, whole-genome resequencing was performed in eight chickens with slow- and fast-feathering rate. A total of 54,984 autosomal single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified, including 393 and 376 exonic SNPs in slow-feathering and fast-feathering chickens, respectively. Mutated genes were mainly involved in response to stimuli and growth and reproduction processes. Mutated genes related to slow-feathering rate were mainly involved in wingless-type MMTV integration site signaling pathway and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway, whereas mutated genes associated with fast-feathering rate were primarily enriched in autophagy, calcium signaling pathway, extracellular matrix-receptor interaction, and Focal adhesion processes. Importantly, two SNPs, involved in feather development, were found in the exonic regions of Wnt signaling genes. These results shed new light on the relationship between genetic mutation and feather growth rate from the perspective of autosomal inheritance and may have economic significance in chicken breeding.

摘要

以前的研究表明，雏鸡的羽毛生长速度是由位于性染色体 Z 上的两个等位基因决定的；然而，在鸡的生产中，羽毛通常不是由性染色体控制的。为了确定羽化率是否与常染色体遗传有关，对 8 只具有慢速和快速羽化率的鸡进行了全基因组重测序。共鉴定出 54,984 个常染色体单核苷酸多态性 (SNP)，其中慢羽鸡和快羽鸡中分别有 393 个和 376 个外显子 SNP。突变基因主要参与对刺激和生长繁殖过程的反应。与慢羽化速率相关的突变基因主要参与无翅型MMTV整合位点信号通路和丝裂原活化蛋白激酶信号通路，而与快羽化速率相关的突变基因主要富集于自噬、钙信号通路、细胞外基质-受体相互作用和粘着斑过程。重要的是，在 Wnt 信号基因的外显子区域中发现了两个参与羽毛发育的 SNP。这些结果从常染色体遗传的角度揭示了基因突变与羽毛生长率之间的关系，并可能在鸡育种中具有经济意义。和焦点粘附过程。重要的是，在 Wnt 信号基因的外显子区域中发现了两个参与羽毛发育的 SNP。这些结果从常染色体遗传的角度揭示了基因突变与羽毛生长率之间的关系，并可能在鸡育种中具有经济意义。和焦点粘附过程。重要的是，在 Wnt 信号基因的外显子区域中发现了两个参与羽毛发育的 SNP。这些结果从常染色体遗传的角度揭示了基因突变与羽毛生长率之间的关系，并可能在鸡育种中具有经济意义。