In recent years, acceptor–donor–acceptor (A–D–A) type of small molecules have become very promising non-fullerene acceptors (NFAs) to overcome the energy levels and absorption drawbacks of the fullerene-based acceptors in polymer solar cells (PSCs). A non-fullerene small-molecular acceptor named DTIF-IC with dithienocyclopentaindenefluorene (DTIF) as the electron-donating core sealed with 2-(3-oxo-indane-1-ylidene)-malononitrile as the electron-withdrawing groups was developed. The molecule exhibits strong absorption in the range from 550 to 720 nm and relatively high-lying lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy level (−3.86 eV). Due to its up-shifted LUMO energy levels, high and balanced charge mobility and the homogeneous nanophase separations, the inverted polymer solar cells blending with the donor polymer poly[[2,6-4,8-di(5-ethylhexylthienyl)benzo[1,2-b;3,3-b]dithiophene]-[3-fluoro-2[(2-ethylhexyl)carbonyl]thieno[3,4-b]-thiophenediyl]] (PTB7-Th) and DTIF-IC deliver a best power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 7.84% with relatively high open circuit voltage (Voc) of 0.95 V by thermal annealing treatment, which demonstrated that the DTIF-type small molecule could be the promising electron acceptor for high-performance polymer solar cells with a high Voc.

近年来，受体-供体-受体（A–D–A）类型的小分子已成为非常有前途的非富勒烯受体（NFA），以克服聚合物太阳能电池中基于富勒烯的受体的能级和吸收缺陷（ PSC）。非富勒烯小分子受体DTIF-IC以二噻吩基环戊二烯芴（DTIF）为供电子核，用2-（3-氧代茚满-1-亚基）-丙二腈作为吸电子基团进行了密封。该分子在550至720 nm范围内表现出强吸收性，并且处于相对较高的最低最低未占据分子轨道（LUMO）能级（-3.86 eV）。由于其向上移动的LUMO能级，高且平衡的电荷迁移率和均匀的纳米相分离，这种倒置的聚合物太阳能电池与施主聚合物聚[[2,6-4,8-​​二（5-乙基己基噻吩基）苯并[ 1,2-b; 3,3- b ]二噻吩]-[3-氟-2 [（2-乙基己基）羰基]噻吩并[3,4- b ]-噻吩基]]（PTB7-Th）和DTIF-IC 通过热退火处理可提供7.84％的最佳功率转换效率（PCE）和0.95 V的相对较高的开路电压（Voc），这表明DTIF型小分子可以成为高性能聚合物太阳能的有希望的电子受体高VOC的电池。