Re/Pd-TiO₂/SiO₂ and Co/Mo-Al₂O₃/SiO₂ aerogel catalysts were synthesized using sol-gel method and supercritical drying in excess solvent, and investigated in the hydrodesulphurisation (HDS) of dibenzothiophene (DBT) and 4,6-dimethyl dibenzothiophene (4,6-DMDBT). The influence of supercritical drying on the final catalytic properties of the materials was determined by parallel synthesis of aerogels and xerogels for Re/Pd-TiO₂/SiO₂ catalysts. The sol-gel method and supercritical drying were found to result in amorphous aerogels with relatively high degree of uniformity, of both supports and active phases. Corresponding xerogels were found to be similar to aerogels in terms of composition and structure, but characterized by lower specific surface areas. Catalytic activity of Co/Mo-Al₂O₃/SiO₂ aerogel catalysts in HDS of DBT and 4,6-DMDBT has shown no major improvement in comparison to conventional Co/Mo catalyst. On the other hand, Re/Pd-TiO₂/SiO₂ aerogels, obtained with the addition of mesitylene or without it, achieved 70% and 64% higher conversion of 4,6-DMDBT than conventional Co/Mo catalyst, respectively. Increased catalytic activity can be attributed to well dispersed Re and Pd active phases across the catalyst structure, good incorporation of Ti within silica matrix, increased mesopore volumes and high specific surface areas.

采用溶胶-凝胶法，在过量溶剂中进行超临界干燥，合成了Re / Pd-TiO ₂ / SiO ₂和Co / Mo-Al ₂ O ₃ / SiO ₂气凝胶催化剂，并研究了二苯并噻吩（DBT）的加氢脱硫（HDS）。和4，6-二甲基二苯并噻吩（4，6-DMDBT）。通过平行合成Re / Pd-TiO ₂ / SiO ₂的气凝胶和干凝胶，确定了超临界干燥对材料最终催化性能的影响。催化剂。发现溶胶-凝胶法和超临界干燥导致载体和活性相均具有相对较高均匀度的无定形气凝胶。发现相应的干凝胶在组成和结构方面与气凝胶相似，但是特征在于较低的比表面积。与传统的Co / Mo催化剂相比，Co / Mo-Al ₂ O ₃ / SiO ₂气凝胶催化剂在DBT和4,6-DMDBT的HDS中的催化活性没有显示出重大改进。另一方面，Re / Pd-TiO ₂ / SiO ₂添加或不添加均三甲苯获得的气凝胶分别比传统的Co / Mo催化剂的4,6-DMDBT转化率高70％和64％。催化活性的提高可归因于Re和Pd活性相在整个催化剂结构中的分散性好，Ti在二氧化硅基质中的良好掺入，中孔体积的增加和高比表面积。