In this paper, the impact spot welding of metallic plates was investigated both experimentally and numerically using a single-stage gas mixture detonation apparatus. The impact spot welding process was carried out on aluminum alloy and steel materials using rigid steel projectiles. In this process, the mixture of oxygen and acetylene was detonated in a combustion chamber to launch the projectile. The masses of flat- and spherical-nosed projectiles were 270 and 230 g, respectively. The impact velocity was measured in all experiments. The cross-sections of the weld spots were inspired by a scanning electron microscope to assess the quality of welding. For several experiments, wavy interfaces were observed showing there is a good bonding. For numerical simulation of the process, Abaqus/Explicit software was used and the deformation and failure mechanisms of impact spot-welded specimens were further investigated. The Johnson–Cook thermoplasticity model along with its failure model was utilized to predict the behavior of metallic materials. The numerical simulation results were in good agreement with those obtained from experiments in terms of the deformation mode and failure pattern. The propagation of the wave on the surface of the flyer plate was further studied. The results showed that the stress waves start from the center and propagate to the corners of the plate. To numerically evaluate the welding quality, two parameters of the shear stress at the collision point as well as the equivalent plastic strain for the flyer and target plates were obtained in the numerical simulation. The numerical results showed opposite directions of shear stress for flyer and base plates at the contact point, which can be used as proof for good bonding. Besides, the magnitudes of the equivalent plastic strain for both flyer and base plates were higher than those reported values in the open literature that confirms successful welding.

在本文中，使用单级气体混合物爆轰装置对金属板的冲击点焊进行了实验和数值研究。冲击点焊工艺是使用刚性钢弹丸对铝合金和钢材进行的。在此过程中，氧气和乙炔的混合物在燃烧室中引爆以发射弹丸。扁平鼻和球形鼻的弹丸的质量分别为270和230 g。在所有实验中均测量了冲击速度。焊接点的横截面受到扫描电子显微镜的启发，以评估焊接质量。在几个实验中，观察到波浪形界面显示出良好的粘合性。对于过程的数值模拟，使用Abaqus / Explicit软件，进一步研究了冲击点焊试样的变形和破坏机理。Johnson-Cook热塑性模型及其破坏模型被用来预测金属材料的行为。数值模拟结果与实验结果在变形模式和破坏模式方面吻合良好。进一步研究了波在传单板表面上的传播。结果表明，应力波从中心开始并传播到板的角部。为了对焊接质量进行数值评估，在数值模拟中获得了两个碰撞点的剪应力参数以及飞板和靶板的等效塑性应变。数值结果表明，活页和基板在接触点处的剪切应力方向相反，这可以用作良好粘结的证明。此外，活页和基板的等效塑性应变的幅度均高于公开文献中的报告值，该值证实了焊接成功。