In this paper, the water droplet erosion (WDE) characteristics of four blade materials under different high-speed liquid-solid impingement conditions are tested with the experimental steps and data processing methods in ASTM-G73. On the basis of cumulative erosion curves, the maximum erosion rate (ER_max) is obtained to analyze the WDE resistance of the testing materials quantitatively. The effects of target surface roughness, impact angle and impact velocity on the WDE characteristics of blade materials under specific working conditions are studied. The velocity coefficients (n) of the testing materials under high-speed liquid-solid impact are analyzed. In order to investigate the mechanism of WDE, the material failure characteristics and shallow layer hardness (SLH) at three characteristic moments corresponding to different WDE periods, are investigated with the SEM morphology of erosion section and hardness distribution along the depth direction at the impact position. The research results can provide reference data and technical support for the structure design and material selection of steam turbine blades.

本文利用ASTM-G73中的实验步骤和数据处理方法，测试了四种叶片材料在不同高速液固碰撞条件下的水滴侵蚀（WDE）特性。根据累积腐蚀曲线，获得最大腐蚀速率（ER _max）来定量分析测试材料的耐WDE性。研究了在特定工作条件下目标表面粗糙度，冲击角和冲击速度对叶片材料WDE特性的影响。速度系数（n）分析了高速液固冲击下的测试材料。为了研究WDE的机理，用SEM形态和冲击位置沿深度方向的硬度分布，研究了在不同WDE周期对应的三个特征时刻材料的破坏特性和浅层硬度（SLH）。。研究结果可为汽轮机叶片的结构设计和材料选择提供参考数据和技术支持。