Conventional viticultural practice in Australia and elsewhere involves removal of under‐vine vegetation using herbicides or cultivation. Concerns over the long‐term effects of herbicides on soil health, evolution of resistant weeds and possible impacts on human health motivate the search for alternative weed management options. Industry‐supported trials on commercial vineyards in four South Australian regions investigated standard practices of straw mulch and bare earth created with herbicides, compared to under‐vine cover crops, focusing on soil health attributes (soil carbon, soil microbiological processes, etc.) and grape yields in 2016 and 2017. Measured yields with the Control (herbicide) treatment were combined with published district grape prices and yields over the 12‐year (2006–2017) period, defining multivariate distributions of gross revenues ($/ha). Assuming all treatments produce grapes of equal quality and price as the Control, our results showed median per‐hectare gross margins greater than the Control in the Barossa district, lower than Control in Riverland, and mixed results in Langhorne Creek and Eden Valley. Multi‐year risk profiles, based on decadal whole‐farm (50 ha) cash flows for each treatment, were calculated using Monte Carlo analysis, based on historical yield and price distributions. These risk profiles showed the under‐vine treatments may result in major differences in long‐term vineyard financial viability.

中文翻译：

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南澳大利亚四个葡萄园区葡萄树下管理系统的财务比较*

澳大利亚和其他地方的常规葡萄栽培实践涉及使用除草剂或耕种去除葡萄树下的植被。对除草剂对土壤健康的长期影响，抗性杂草的演变以及对人类健康的可能影响的担忧促使人们寻求其他杂草管理选择。在南澳大利亚州四个地区的商业葡萄园中，由行业支持的试验研究了由除草剂制成的秸秆覆盖物和裸土与藤本植物相比的标准做法，重点是土壤健康属性（土壤碳，土壤微生物过程等）和2016年和2017年的葡萄产量。对照（除草剂）处理的测得产量与12年（2006-2017年）期间公布的地区葡萄价格和产量相结合，定义总收入的多元分布（$ / ha）。假设所有处理所产生的葡萄质量和价格均与对照相同，我们的结果表明，每公顷毛利润中位数高于巴罗莎地区的对照，低于里弗兰德的对照，而朗霍恩溪和伊甸园谷的结果则好坏参半。使用蒙特卡洛分析，基于历史收益率和价格分布，基于每种处理的十年全农场（50公顷）现金流量，计算了多年风险概况。这些风险状况表明，葡萄树的处理方法可能会导致长期葡萄园财务能力的重大差异。低于Riverland的Control，而Langhorne Creek和Eden Valley的结果则好坏参半。使用蒙特卡洛分析，基于历史收益率和价格分布，基于每种处理的十年全农场（50公顷）现金流量，计算了多年风险概况。这些风险状况表明，葡萄树的处理方法可能会导致长期葡萄园财务能力的重大差异。低于Riverland的Control，而Langhorne Creek和Eden Valley的结果则好坏参半。使用蒙特卡洛分析，基于历史收益率和价格分布，基于每种处理的十年全农场（50公顷）现金流量，计算了多年风险概况。这些风险状况表明，葡萄树的处理方法可能会导致长期葡萄园财务能力的重大差异。