Land‐sourced contaminants conveyed by rivers, particularly during flood flows, are a major source of coastal water degradation. Typically, muddy and contaminated river flood plumes are episodic and transient and therefore difficult to survey and sample. We developed a Portable Underway Flow‐Through Sampler for rapid response and survey of river flood events (PUFTS‐rapid). The sampler is highly portable, compact, quick to setup, and easy to use in small boats, for spatial mapping of surface waters during fast transects (up to 25 knots). Key components of the system include: a 12 V self‐priming pump that pulls in ambient surface water; a vortex unit to remove air bubbles, and a water quality sonde operated with a flow‐cell attachment. Sonde sensors include conductivity (salinity), temperature, turbidity, and fluorescence of dissolved organic matter. GPS position is logged, together with water quality data, by the sonde hand‐held unit. Water samples are obtained periodically from the continuous flow—for laboratory calibration and validation of sonde sensors as well as discrete analyses of contaminants. We illustrate sampler capability with survey of a muddy, contaminated flood plume from the Hutt River dispersing into Wellington Harbor, New Zealand. Although capture of turbid plumes from river floods is probably the most demanding application of PUFTS‐rapid, the sampler is expected to be valuable more broadly for coastal water quality applications, including survey of plumes from port dredging, “sea‐truthing” of remote sensing imagery, and calibration and validation of hydrodynamic models.

中文翻译：

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便携式正在进行的流通式采样器，用于快速调查沿海水域中被污染的河羽

河流输送的陆地污染物，特别是在洪水期间，是沿海水质退化的主要来源。通常，浑浊且受污染的河道洪流是偶发性的和短暂的，因此很难进行测量和采样。我们开发了一种便携式进行中流通型采样快速反应和河流洪水事件调查（PUFTS-迅速）。该采样器具有高度的便携性，紧凑性，快速安装性，并且易于在小船中使用，用于在快速断面（最高25节）期间对地表水进行空间绘图。该系统的关键组件包括：吸入周围地面水的12 V自吸泵；一个涡流单元以去除气泡，一个水质探头与一个流通池附件一起操作。探空仪传感器包括电导率（盐度），温度，浊度和溶解有机物的荧光。主机探测器将GPS位置连同水质数据一起记录下来。从连续流中定期获取水样，用于实验室校准和探测探测器的验证以及对污染物的离散分析。我们通过对泥泞的调查来说明采样器的功能，来自赫特河的被污染的洪流散布到新西兰的惠灵顿港。尽管从河流洪水中捕获浑浊的羽流很可能在要求最严格的PUFTS快速应用中，该采样器有望在沿海水质应用中具有更广泛的价值，包括港口疏plum产生的羽流调查，遥感影像的“海真化”以及水动力模型的校准和验证。