In the two‐alternative forced‐choice (2AFC) paradigm, manual responses such as pointing have been widely used as measures to estimate cognitive abilities. While pointing measurements can be easily collected, coded, analyzed, and interpreted, absent responses are often observed particularly when adopting these measures for toddler studies, which leads to an increase of missing data. Although looking responses such as preferential looking can be available as alternative measures in such cases, it is unknown how well looking measurements can be interpreted as equivalent to manual ones. This study aimed to answer this question by investigating how accurately pointing responses (i.e., left or right) could be predicted from concurrent preferential looking. Using pre‐existing videos of toddlers aged 18–23 months engaged in an intermodal word comprehension task, we developed models predicting manual from looking responses. Results showed substantial prediction accuracy for both the Simple Majority Vote and Machine Learning‐Based classifiers, which indicates that looking responses would be reasonable alternative measures of manual ones. However, the further exploratory analysis revealed that when applying the created models for data of toddlers who did not produce clear pointing responses, the estimation agreement of missing pointing between the models and the human coders slightly dropped. This indicates that looking responses without pointing were qualitatively different from those with pointing. Bridging two measurements in forced‐choice tasks would help researchers avoid wasting collected data due to the absence of manual responses and interpret results from different modalities comprehensively.

中文翻译：

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寻找代表幼儿的选择：探索强制选择任务中多模态措施之间的等价性

在双向强制选择 (2AFC) 范式中，诸如指向之类的手动反应已被广泛用作估计认知能力的措施。虽然指向测量可以很容易地收集、编码、分析和解释，但经常观察到没有反应，特别是在将这些测量用于幼儿研究时，这会导致丢失数据的增加。尽管在这种情况下可以使用诸如优先查看之类的查看响应作为替代措施，但尚不清楚如何将外观测量解释为与手动测量等效。本研究旨在通过调查如何准确地从并发优先观察中预测指向响应（即，向左或向右）来回答这个问题。使用 18 至 23 个月的幼儿参与多模式单词理解任务的预先存在的视频，我们开发了模型，根据外观响应预测手动。结果表明，简单多数投票和基于机器学习的分类器的预测准确性很高，这表明寻找响应将是手动响应的合理替代措施。然而，进一步的探索性分析表明，当将创建的模型应用于没有产生明确指向反应的幼儿数据时，模型与人类编码器之间的缺失指向的估计一致性略有下降。这表明没有指点的注视反应与有指点的反应在性质上是不同的。