Ground squeezing induced by tunnel excavation is a common phenomenon in weak and jointed rock masses. The prediction of convergence during tunnel construction in squeezing ground is important for the selection of temporary support and excavation methods. In the present study, the main factors that lead to ground squeezing are discussed based on a case study of the west section (WS) of the Tawarazaka Tunnel. A systematic analysis of convergences measured on site is presented, and numerical modeling using the finite difference method (FDM) is performed. The results show that ground squeezing is prone to occur in Paleogene mudstone formations, especially when slickensides are strongly developed. Ground squeezing is affected by the initial horizontal stress ratio, and a larger initial horizontal stress ratio lead to a larger convergence ratio, which is defined as the ratio of horizontal convergence to vertical convergence. Tunnel convergence values linearly increase with the decrement of bedding joint stiffness, and tunnel convergence increases with the increment of internal friction angle of bedding joints. Ground squeezing in the WS is mainly affected by the modulus values of nearby rocks and the existence of bedding joints. For the WS of the Tawarazaka Tunnel, the convergence ratio tends to stabilize when a critical overburden depth of 100 m is exceeded.

隧道开挖引起的地挤是软弱节理岩体中的常见现象。挤水隧道施工期间的收敛预测对选择临时支护和开挖方法很重要。在本研究中，基于Tawarazaka隧道西段（WS）的案例研究，讨论了导致地面挤压的主要因素。对现场测量的收敛性进行了系统分析，并使用有限差分法（FDM）进行了数值建模。结果表明，在古近系泥岩地层中很容易发生地层挤压，特别是在光滑地层强烈发育时。地面挤压受初始水平应力比的影响，并且较大的初始水平应力比会导致较大的会聚比，定义为水平会聚与垂直会聚之比。隧道收敛值随垫层接头刚度的减小而线性增加，隧道收敛值随垫层接头内摩擦角的增加而增加。WS中的地面挤压主要受附近岩石的模量值和层理缝的存在的影响。对于Tawarazaka隧道的WS，当超过100 m的临界覆盖层深度时，收敛比趋于稳定。WS中的地面挤压主要受附近岩石的模量值和层理缝的存在的影响。对于Tawarazaka隧道的WS，当超过100 m的临界覆盖层深度时，收敛比趋于稳定。WS中的地面挤压主要受附近岩石的模量值和层理缝的存在的影响。对于Tawarazaka隧道的WS，当超过100 m的临界覆盖层深度时，收敛比趋于稳定。