RNA–protein interactions play an important role in numerous cellular processes in health and disease. In recent years, the global RNA-bound proteome has been extensively studied, uncovering many previously unknown RNA-binding proteins. However, little is known about which particular proteins bind to which specific RNA transcript. In this review, we provide an overview of methods to identify RNA–protein interactions, with a particular focus on strategies that provide insights into the interactome of specific RNA transcripts. Finally, we discuss challenges and future directions, including the potential of CRISPR-RNA targeting systems to investigate endogenous RNA–protein interactions.

RNA-蛋白质相互作用在健康和疾病的众多细胞过程中发挥着重要作用。近年来，全球 RNA 结合蛋白质组得到了广泛研究，发现了许多以前未知的 RNA 结合蛋白。然而，对于哪些特定蛋白质与哪些特定 RNA 转录本结合知之甚少。在这篇综述中，我们概述了识别 RNA-蛋白质相互作用的方法，特别关注提供对特定 RNA 转录本相互作用组的见解的策略。最后，我们讨论了挑战和未来方向，包括 CRISPR-RNA 靶向系统在研究内源性 RNA-蛋白质相互作用方面的潜力。