Forest land affected by deforestation yields high soil and water losses. Suitable management practices need to be found that can reduce these losses and achieve ecological and hydrological sustainability of the deforested areas. Mulch has been found to be effective in reducing soil losses; straw mulch is easy to apply, contributes soil organic matter, and is efficient since the day of application. However, the complex effects of rice straw mulch with different application rates and lengths on surface runoff and soil loss have not been clarified in depth. The current paper evaluates the efficiency of rice straw mulch in reducing the hydrological response of a silty clay loam soil under high intensity and low frequency rainfall events (tap water with total depth of 49 mm and intensity of 98 mm/h) simulated in the laboratory. Surface runoff and soil loss at three lengths of the straw (10, 30, and 200 mm) and three application rates (1, 2, and 3 Mg/ha) were measured in 50 cm (width) × 100 cm (length) × 10 cm (depth) plots with disturbed soil samples (aggregate soil size < 4 mm) collected in a deforested area. Bare soil was used as control experiment. Runoff volume and erosion were significantly (at p < 0.05) lower in mulched soils compared to control plots. These reductions were ascribed to the water absorption capacity of the rice straw and the protection cover of the mulch layer. The minimum runoff was observed for a mulch layer of 3 Mg/ha of straw with a length of 200 mm. The lowest soil losses were found with straw length of 10 mm. The models developed predict runoff and erosion based on simple linear functions of mulch application rate and length, and can be used for a suitable hydrological management of soil. It is concluded that, thanks to rice straw mulch used as an organic soil conditioner, soil erosion and surface runoff are significantly (at p < 0.05) reduced, and the mulch protection contributes to reduce the risk of soil degradation. Further research is, however, needed to analyze the upscaling of the hydrological effects of mulching from the plot to the hillslope scale.

受森林砍伐影响的林地会产生大量的水土流失。需要找到适当的管理措施，以减少这些损失并实现森林砍伐地区的生态和水文可持续性。已经发现覆盖物可有效减少土壤流失；自施用之日起，秸秆覆盖物易于施用，有助于土壤有机质，并且高效。然而，尚未深入阐明不同施用量和长度的稻草覆盖物对地表径流和土壤流失的复杂影响。本文评估了在实验室模拟的高强度和低频降雨事件（自来水总深度为49 mm，强度为98 mm / h）下稻草覆盖物降低粉质粘土壤土水文响应的效率。 。在50厘米（宽）×100厘米（长）×的范围内，测量了三种秸秆长度（10、30和200 mm）和三种施用量（1、2和3 Mg / ha）的地表径流和土壤流失。 10厘米（深度）的样地，在一片砍伐森林的地区收集了受干扰的土壤样本（土壤总量小于4毫米）。裸土用作对照实验。径流量和侵蚀量显着（在 与对照样地相比，覆盖土壤中的p <0.05）低。这些减少归因于稻草的吸水能力和覆盖层的保护层。对于长度为200 mm的3 Mg / ha的秸秆覆盖层，观察到最小径流。秸秆长度为10 mm时，土壤流失最少。建立的模型基于覆盖物施用量和长度的简单线性函数来预测径流和侵蚀，并可用于土壤的合适水文管理。得出的结论是，由于用作有机土壤改良剂稻秸覆盖，土壤侵蚀和地表径流是显著（在p <0.05），并且覆盖保护有助于减少土壤退化的风险。然而，需要进一步的研究来分析从地块覆盖到山坡尺度的覆盖水文效应的扩大化。