Abstract Hospital Operating Rooms (ORs) are working spaces which demand an utmost clean air environment for enhancing both the safety and the comfort conditions of medical staff and patients, in order to reduce the risk of post-operative complications. In this context, an integrated experimental-numerical study has been carried out in the present work, to investigate air contamination due to UltraFine Particles (UFPs) inside an actual, but unoccupied, OR, equipped with a laminar air flow system, located near Milan in Northern Italy. The UFPs considered in the present study are geometrically representative of surgical smoke and SARS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) virus particles. The flow and thermal fields in the OR have been calculated by using the Realizable k-e turbulence model. A transient passive scalar species transport equation, based on the drift flux model, has been implemented along with the particle deposition boundary conditions at the OR walls, to analyse the UFPs concentration within the OR. The numerical model has been used, after validation against experimental data, to reproduce the quantities of interest in the OR. Moreover, type A and type B uncertainties have been associated to the experimental measurements. The velocity and temperature fields in the OR, obtained from both the numerical and experimental analysis, are compliant to the technical standards. A good agreement is observed between experimental and numerical results, in terms of velocity, temperature and UFPs concentration. A time of 19 minutes to completely evacuate UFPs from the OR has been obtained from both experimental and numerical analysis, with a deviation smaller than 2% between the results.

中文翻译：

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由于超细颗粒物导致实际手术室内的空气污染

摘要 医院手术室 (ORs) 是需要最清洁空气环境的工作空间，以提高医务人员和患者的安全和舒适条件，以降低术后并发症的风险。在这种情况下，目前的工作中进行了一项综合实验数值研究，以调查位于米兰附近的实际但未占用的配备层流系统的 OR 内由于超细颗粒 (UFP) 造成的空气污染在意大利北部。本研究中考虑的 UFP 在几何上代表手术烟雾和 SARS-CoV、SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) 病毒颗粒。OR 中的流场和热场已使用 Realizable ke 湍流模型进行计算。瞬态被动标量物质输运方程，基于漂移通量模型，已与 OR 壁处的颗粒沉积边界条件一起实施，以分析 OR 内的 UFP 浓度。在对实验数据进行验证后，该数值模型已被用于重现 OR 中感兴趣的数量。此外，A 类和 B 类不确定性与实验测量有关。从数值和实验分析中获得的 OR 中的速度和温度场符合技术标准。在速度、温度和 UFP 浓度方面，在实验和数值结果之间观察到了很好的一致性。从实验和数值分析中获得了 19 分钟从 OR 中完全疏散 UFP 的时间，结果之间的偏差小于 2%。