The objective of this study is to investigate the effects of trade barriers and cultural distance on the domestic market share in the film industry. We analyze panel data with both two-stage least squares and instrumental-variable methods. These methods can separate the effects of time-invariant measures of trade barriers and cultural difference from country-specific effects. This improvement in the estimation method and the use of a more appropriate measure of trade barriers in the film industry enable us to produce empirical results that are consistent with theoretical arguments. Based on the panel data collected from 30 countries for the period 2001–2013, the empirical results herein indicate that the cultural distance, as well as market size, is an important factor for the domestic market share. Trade barriers are also shown to be a significant factor, but the magnitude of their impact on the domestic market share is much smaller than that of the market size.

中文翻译：

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贸易壁垒和文化距离对电影产业国内市场份额的影响

本研究的目的是调查贸易壁垒和文化距离对电影业国内市场份额的影响。我们使用两阶段最小二乘法和工具变量法分析面板数据。这些方法可以将贸易壁垒和文化差异的时间不变措施的影响与国家特定的影响区分开来。估计方法的这种改进和电影行业贸易壁垒测量的使用使我们能够产生与理论论点一致的实证结果。根据 2001-2013 年从 30 个国家收集的面板数据，本文的实证结果表明，文化距离以及市场规模是影响国内市场份额的重要因素。