Big Data is now permeating environmental law and affecting its evolution. Data-driven innovation is highlighted as a means for major organizations to address social and global challenges. We present various contributions of Big Data technologies and show how they transform our knowledge and understanding of domains regulated by environmental law – environmental changes, socio-ecological systems, sustainable development issues – and of environmental law itself as a complex system. In particular, the mining of massive data sets makes it possible to undertake concrete actions dedicated to the elaboration, production, implementation, follow-up, and adaptation of the environmental targets defined at various levels of decision making (from the international to the subnational level).This development calls into question the traditional approach to legal epistemology and ethics, as implementation and enforcement of rules take on new forms, such as regulation through smart environmental targets and securing legal compliance through the design of technological artefacts. The entry of Big Data therefore requires the development of a new and specific epistemology of environmental law.

中文翻译：

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大数据进入环境法

大数据现在正在渗透环境法并影响其演变。数据驱动的创新被强调为主要组织应对社会和全球挑战的一种手段。我们展示了大数据技术的各种贡献，并展示了它们如何改变我们对环境法监管领域（环境变化、社会生态系统、可持续发展问题）以及环境法本身作为一个复杂系统的认识和理解。特别是，对海量数据集的挖掘可以采取具体行动，专门用于制定、生产、实施、跟踪和适应各级决策制定的环境目标（从国际到地方层面） ）。这一发展对传统的法律认识论和道德方法提出了质疑，因为规则的实施和执行采用了新的形式，例如通过智能环境目标进行监管以及通过技术人工制品设计确保法律合规。因此，大数据的进入需要发展一种新的、具体的环境法认识论。