In 2015, a Pakistani court in the case ofLeghariv.Federation of Pakistanmade history by accepting arguments that governmental failures to address climate change adequately violated petitioners’ rights. This case forms part of an emerging body of pending or decided climate change-related lawsuits that incorporate rights-based arguments in several countries, including the Netherlands, the Philippines, Austria, South Africa, and the United States (US). These decisions align with efforts to recognize the human rights dimensions of climate change, which received important endorsement in the Paris Agreement. The decisions also represent a significant milestone in climate change litigation. Although there have been hundreds of climate-based cases around the world over the past two decades – especially in the US – past and much of the ongoing litigation focuses primarily on statutory interpretation avenues. Previous efforts to bring human rights cases have also failed to achieve formal success. The new cases demonstrate an increasing trend for petitioners to employ rights claims in climate change lawsuits, as well as a growing receptivity of courts to this framing. This ‘rights turn’ could serve as a model or inspiration for rights-based litigation in other jurisdictions, especially those with similarly structured law and court access.

中文翻译：

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气候变化诉讼中的权利转向？

2015 年，巴基斯坦法院在莱哈里五。巴基斯坦联邦通过接受政府未能解决气候变化问题充分侵犯了上访者权利的论点，创造了历史。本案是新兴的未决或已决气候变化相关诉讼的一部分，这些诉讼在荷兰、菲律宾、奥地利、南非和美国 (US) 等多个国家/地区纳入了基于权利的论点。这些决定与承认气候变化的人权层面的努力相一致，这在《巴黎协定》中得到了重要认可。这些决定也代表了气候变化诉讼的一个重要里程碑。尽管在过去的二十年中，世界各地（尤其是在美国）已经发生了数百起基于气候的案件，但过去和正在进行的大部分诉讼主要集中在法定解释途径上。此前提起人权案件的努力也未能取得正式的成功。新案件表明，上访者在气候变化诉讼中采用权利主张的趋势越来越明显，法院对这种框架的接受度也越来越高。这种“权利转向”可以作为其他司法管辖区基于权利的诉讼的模式或启发，特别是那些具有类似结构的法律和法院准入的司法管辖区。