The aim of this study was to investigate deaf and severely hard-of-hearing students? foreign language learning characteristics. In order to provide a better understanding of the challenges this group of learners face, a mixed methods study was designed including a questionnaire survey to provide generalizable results for our context and an interview study to get a deeper understanding of the issue from the insiders? perspective as well. Data was collected in three European countries with piloted and barrier-free instruments. In order to investigate their foreign language learning processes, deaf and severely hard-of-hearing students? motivation, beliefs, and strategies were measured and analyzed. Our results indicate that deaf and severely hard-of-hearing students? foreign language learning experiences are fraught with challenges and setbacks despite their motivation and eagerness to learn foreign languages. To overcome these difficulties motivating and effective learning environments have to be created where the use of the national sign language contributes to the efficiency of teaching. Furthermore, teaching should include the presentation of effective learning strategies as well as the introduction of autonomous ways of learning.

中文翻译：

---

聋哑和重度听力障碍学生外语学习特点

这项研究的目的是调查失聪和重度听力障碍的学生吗？外语学习特点。为了更好地了解这组学习者面临的挑战，设计了混合方法研究，包括问卷调查以提供可概括的结果用于我们的背景和访谈研究以从内部人员那里更深入地了解问题？视角也是如此。数据是在三个欧洲国家通过试点和无障碍仪器收集的。为了调查他们的外语学习过程，聋哑和重度听力障碍的学生？对动机、信念和策略进行了测量和分析。我们的结果表明失聪和重度听力障碍的学生？尽管他们有学习外语的动力和渴望，外语学习经历却充满挑战和挫折。为了克服这些困难，必须创造激励和有效的学习环境，在这种环境中使用国家手语有助于提高教学效率。此外，教学应包括有效学习策略的介绍以及自主学习方式的介绍。