This paper outlines a pedagogical approach for entrepreneurship education, with a specific focus on students who do not necessarily identify as entrepreneurial. We advance seven essential and teachable entrepreneurial thinking skills (ET-7) to form future leaders: (1) problem solving, (2) tolerance for ambiguity, (3) failing forward, (4) empathy, (5) creativity with limited resources, (6) responding to critical feedback, and (7) teamwork approach. ET-7 offers an integrative framework that unites previously distinct perspectives of entrepreneurial competencies, and outlines how to teach and develop these skills in a 12-week mandatory entrepreneurship course through an innovative pedagogical approach. This approach to entrepreneurial education was built on the concept of a signature pedagogy (Shulman, 2005) and encompasses three components (i.e., the flipped classroom, learning through failure, and access to open educational resources). This pedagogical approach to entrepreneurial education supports entrepreneurial learning through experiential activities that simulate the environment entrepreneurs face. Thus, this paper contributes to the literature by outlining the entrepreneurial thinking skillset (ET-7) required to be successful in today's modern careers, along with considering the methods, tools, and pedagogy that is most likely to support ET-7 skill development.

中文翻译：

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创业思维：不确定的 21 世纪的标志性教学法

本文概述了创业教育的教学方法，特别关注不一定具有创业精神的学生。我们推进七项基本且可教的创业思维技能 (ET-7) 以培养未来的领导者：(1) 解决问题，(2) 容忍歧义，(3) 失败，(4) 同理心，(5) 资源有限的创造力, (6) 回应批评性反馈，以及 (7) 团队合作方法。ET-7 提供了一个综合框架，将以前对创业能力的不同观点统一起来，并概述了如何通过创新的教学方法在为期 12 周的必修创业课程中教授和发展这些技能。这种创业教育方法建立在标志性教学法的概念之上（Shulman，2005 年），包括三个组成部分（即，翻转课堂，从失败中学习，并获得开放的教育资源）。这种创业教育的教学方法通过模拟创业者面临的环境的体验活动来支持创业学习。因此，本文通过概述在当今现代职业中取得成功所需的创业思维技能集 (ET-7)，同时考虑最有可能支持 ET-7 技能发展的方法、工具和教学法，为文献做出贡献。