Goal 2 of the APA Goals for Undergraduate Major in Psychology, Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking, addresses the development of scientific reasoning and problem-solving, including effective research methods, in undergraduate psychology students. These skills serve as the foundation of not only introductory courses but also the entire psychology curriculum. In this article, we address why these skills are critical to help students interpret information and assess claims and review the current practice of measuring student reasoning in this domain. The reach of Goal 2 is broad, including the application of scientific reasoning to interpret psychological phenomena, the demonstration of psychology information literacy, the interpretation and execution of basic psychological research, and an understanding of sociocultural influences in scientific inquiry. We discuss the value of both formative and summative assessments in this area, offer examples of assessment tools currently in use, and provide a list of nationally normed assessments in critical thinking and scientific reasoning. We conclude with a discussion of limitations in current assessment practices and suggest possible future directions.

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科学探究和批判性思维评估：衡量 APA 目标 2 学生学习成果

心理学、科学探究和批判性思维本科专业的 APA 目标的目标 2 解决了科学推理和解决问题的发展，包括有效的研究方法，本科心理学学生。这些技能不仅是入门课程的基础，也是整个心理学课程的基础。在本文中，我们将讨论为什么这些技能对于帮助学生解释信息和评估主张至关重要，并回顾了该领域衡量学生推理的当前做法。Goal 2 的覆盖面很广，包括应用科学推理解释心理现象，心理信息素养的展示，基础心理学研究的解释和执行，以及对科学探究中社会文化影响的理解。我们讨论了形成性评估和总结性评估在该领域的价值，提供了当前使用的评估工具示例，并提供了一份国家规范的批判性思维和科学推理评估清单。我们最后讨论了当前评估实践的局限性，并提出了未来可能的方向。