The purpose of the study was to investigate if non-profit sports clubs are affected by the growth of the commercial market and, if so, which clubs are affected and why. The authors employed a mixed-method design, collecting quantitative data from a sample of 4456 non-profit sports clubs in Germany and then conducting a follow-up qualitative study including semi-structured interviews with 6 sports clubs. Descriptive results showed that 35.3% of clubs perceived competition from commercial sports providers as a problem. The logistic regression analysis revealed that clubs offering sports for health and fitness, rehabilitation sports, martial arts, and dancing are more likely to perceive competition as a problem. Clubs aiming at social integration are also more likely to report a problem, while clubs following a strategic management approach are less likely to be affected by competition. The interviews unveiled that the reasons for competition are the different types of sports offered, financial aspects, characteristics of clubs, and markets. The findings suggest that organizational characteristics and types of sports offered are better suited as strategic group variables in the sports market than organizational strategies. Measures to counteract competition include the use of strategic management principles, cooperative relationships with commercial providers, and quality and specialization of services.

该研究的目的是调查非营利性体育俱乐部是否受到商业市场增长的影响，如果是，那么哪些俱乐部受到影响以及为什么。作者采用一种混合方法设计，从德国4456个非营利性体育俱乐部的样本中收集定量数据，然后进行后续定性研究，包括对6个体育俱乐部的半结构化访谈。描述性结果显示，有35.3％的俱乐部认为来自商业体育提供商的竞争是一个问题。Logistic回归分析显示，提供健康和健身运动，康复运动，武术和舞蹈的俱乐部更有可能将竞争视为问题。致力于社会融合的俱乐部也更有可能报告问题，而采用战略管理方法的俱乐部则不太可能受到竞争的影响。访谈揭露了竞争的原因是所提供体育运动的类型不同，财务方面，俱乐部的特征和市场。研究结果表明，所提供的组织特征和体育类型比组织战略更适合作为体育市场中的战略群体变量。抵消竞争的措施包括使用战略管理原则，与商业提供商的合作关系以及服务的质量和专业化。研究结果表明，所提供的组织特征和体育类型比组织战略更适合作为体育市场中的战略群体变量。抵消竞争的措施包括使用战略管理原则，与商业提供商的合作关系以及服务的质量和专业化。研究结果表明，所提供的组织特征和体育类型比组织战略更适合作为体育市场中的战略群体变量。抵消竞争的措施包括使用战略管理原则，与商业提供商的合作关系以及服务的质量和专业化。