Researchers and anti-bullying organisations have increasingly turned their attention to the role of bystanders in tackling bullying and peer victimisation (e.g. name-calling). The objective of this study was to develop and assess the impact of a role-play programme designed to strengthen adolescent’s defending behaviour to name-calling. This was measured in two contexts: defending intentions in an outgroup name-calling scenario and cyber-defender behaviour in a scripted online peer interaction. Participants (N = 121, Mage = 12.90 years) were randomly assigned to either a role-play condition or a control condition. Results showed that defender intentions in an outgroup name-calling scenario were higher in the role-play condition, compared to the control; in addition, cyber-defender behaviour was more likely and quicker in the role-play condition, compared to the control. Defender self-efficacy was found to be significantly higher in the role-play condition, and mediated the effect of the role-play programme on defender intentions. Findings also revealed that defender intentions were positively correlated with cyber-defender behaviour, highlighting a link between intentions and behaviour. Implications for theory and practice are discussed.

中文翻译：

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评估捍卫者角色扮演干预对青少年捍卫者意图和对辱骂反应的影响

研究人员和反欺凌组织越来越多地将注意力转向旁观者在应对欺凌和同伴受害（例如辱骂）方面的作用。本研究的目的是制定和评估旨在加强青少年对辱骂行为的防御行为的角色扮演计划的影响。这是在两种情况下衡量的：在外群点名场景中捍卫意图和在脚本化在线对等交互中的网络防御者行为。参与者（N = 121，法师 = 12.90 岁）被随机分配到角色扮演条件或控制条件。结果表明，与对照组相比，在角色扮演条件下，外群呼唤场景中的防御者意图更高；此外，在角色扮演条件下，网络防御者的行为更有可能和更快，与对照相比。防御者自我效能被发现在角色扮演条件下显着更高，并且调节了角色扮演计划对防御者意图的影响。调查结果还显示，防御者的意图与网络防御者的行为呈正相关，突出了意图和行为之间的联系。讨论了对理论和实践的影响。