The importance of how classroom discourse can be used to support science learning has gained national attention with respect to both science teaching and research across K12 and higher education. In this review article, we examine a commonly referenced set of nine frameworks for use in science classrooms. Specifically, we examine the ways in which various frameworks emphasize the structure (i.e., form) or practical use (i.e., function) of language across classroom settings, and the impact of such an emphasis on the facilitation and analysis of science classroom discourse. The findings from this review should help researchers investigate and educators facilitate classroom discourse in ways that ensure that all students can participate in and demonstrate their scientific understanding.

中文翻译：

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形式与功能探寻：服务于研究与实践的科学话语框架述评

在 K12 和高等教育的科学教学和研究方面，课堂话语如何用于支持科学学习的重要性已经引起了全国的关注。在这篇评论文章中，我们研究了一组常用的科学课堂使用的九个框架。具体来说，我们研究了各种框架在课堂环境中强调语言的结构（即形式）或实际使用（即功能）的方式，以及这种强调促进和分析科学课堂话语的影响。本次审查的结果应有助于研究人员进行调查，教育工作者以确保所有学生都能参与并展示他们的科学理解的方式促进课堂讨论。