The input-output model is a traditional tool employed in the literature for measuring the contribution of an economic activity within a given territory. In the case of tourism, this methodological framework has been used to estimate the contribution of the tourism sector as a whole, and for specific products in the tourism market, such as cruise visits. The present paper computes the economic contribution of international tourism arriving at three major destinations on the Mediterranean coast of Spain; namely, Barcelona, Palma de Mallorca and Alicante. For each destination, both the country-level and regional-based input-output tables were employed, using the INTERTIO project, a regional input-output framework developed for the Spanish economy by the Lawrence Klein Institute of the Autonomous University of Madrid. The results show important differences in the magnitude of the computed economic effects between the country and regional approaches. To shed more light on the issue, we identify the main sources driving such dissimilar results, including the role of backward linkages of industries and the differing sectoral distributions of initial economic effects. Finally, we point to the role played by specific sectors in the model in amplifying the initial effects by using a centrality analysis of hub-and-authority effects. The methodological discussion in the paper helps to highlight the need for using the regional input-output model when available, and the other additional methodological tools we provide throughout the study for more accurately computing the economic impact of tourism for particular regions or destinations.

中文翻译：

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在投入产出框架内衡量旅游业对目的地的经济贡献：一些方法学问题

投入产出模型是文献中使用的传统工具，用于衡量给定领土内经济活动的贡献。就旅游而言，该方法框架已用于估计整个旅游部门以及旅游市场中特定产品（例如乘船游览）的贡献。本文计算了到达西班牙地中海沿岸三个主要目的地的国际旅游业的经济贡献。即巴塞罗那，马略卡岛帕尔玛和阿利坎特。对于每个目的地，都使用INTERTIO项目，使用了国家级和基于地区的投入产出表，这是马德里自治大学的劳伦斯·克莱因研究所为西班牙经济开发的一个地区投入产出框架。结果表明，在国家和地区方法之间，所计算的经济影响的大小存在重大差异。为了更清楚地说明这个问题，我们确定了导致不同结果的主要来源，包括产业向后联系的作用以及初始经济效应的不同部门分布。最后，我们指出了特定部门在模型中的作用，即通过使用中心和权威效应的集中性分析来放大初始效应。本文中的方法论讨论有助于强调使用区域投入产出模型的必要性，以及我们在整个研究过程中提供的其他附加方法论工具，用于更准确地计算旅游业对特定地区或目的地的经济影响。