ABSTRACT

Historians of education have argued that the field of vocational guidance was founded by men in Boston in 1909, and that these guidance practices were not used in a college setting until the mid-1940s after the close of World War II. This article illustrates the history of early female student affairs practitioners developing and implementing vocational career guidance with women college students by the very early 1900s. A coalition of highly educated women created a national network to place female graduates into employment outside of teaching as a part of an effort to provide college-educated women with a living wage, and economic citizenship that allowed their autonomy as individuals in US society. This network extended into Canada, England, and the International Federation of University Women.

摘要

教育历史学家认为，职业指导领域是由男子于1909年在波士顿创立的，这些指导实践直到第二次世界大战结束后的1940年代中期才在大学中使用。本文介绍了到1900年代初期，早期女学生事务从业者与女大学生一起制定和实施职业生涯指导的历史。受过高等教育的妇女联盟创建了一个全国性网络，以使女毕业生在教学以外的工作，这是努力为受过大学教育的妇女提供生活费和经济公民身份的一部分，以使她们在美国社会中具有自主权。该网络扩展到加拿大，英国和国际大学女性联合会。