Previous literature has focused on how external forces impose accountability on individuals (i.e., holding individuals to account), but has not considered the possibility of internal, personal accountability. We explain how an internalized sense of accountability, which we term internally assumed accountability, can enrich our understanding of why some organizational members might assume ownership for organizational problems, even ones that they did not actually cause. We offer a typology of accountability in organizations based on contrasting relationship norms and personal orientations. Our article concludes with a discussion on connections between different kinds of accountability and stakeholder relationships, suggesting a number of avenues for further investigation and practice.

中文翻译：

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通过问责制建立关系：问责制的扩展概念

先前的文献集中于外部力量如何对个人施加问责制（即要求个人承担责任），但没有考虑内部，个人问责制的可能性。我们解释了一种内部化的问责感（我们称之为内部假设的问责制）如何丰富我们对为什么某些组织成员可能对组织问题承担所有权的理解，即使这些问题并非由他们实际引起。我们根据相对的关系规范和个人取向提供了组织中的问责制类型。本文最后讨论了不同类型的问责制与利益相关方关系之间的联系，并提出了许多可供进一步研究和实践的途径。