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Born in the USA: a comparison of modals and nominal quantifiers in child language
Natural Language Semantics ( IF 0.9 ) Pub Date : 2016-02-02 , DOI: 10.1007/s11050-015-9120-1
Vincenzo Moscati , Jacopo Romoli , Tommaso Federico Demarie , Stephen Crain

One of the challenges confronted by language learners is to master the interpretation of sentences with multiple logical operators (e.g., nominal quantifiers, modals, negation), where different interpretations depend on different scope assignments. Five-year-old children have been found to access some readings of potentially ambiguous sentences much less than adults do (Lidz and Musolino, Lang Acquis 13(2):73–102, 2006; Musolino, Universal Grammar and the acquisition of semantic knowledge, 1998; Musolino and Lidz, Lang Acquis 11(4):277–291, 2003, among many others). Recently, Gualmini et al. (Nat Lang Semant 16:205–237, 2008) have shown that, by careful contextual manipulation, it is possible to evoke some of the putatively unavailable interpretations from young children. Their proposal is quite general, but the focus of their work was on sentences involving nominal quantifiers and negation. The present paper extends this investigation to sentences with modal expressions. The results of our two experimental studies reveal that, in potentially ambiguous sentences with modal expressions, the kinds of contextual manipulations introduced by Gualmini and colleagues do not suffice to explain children’s initial scope interpretations. In response to the recalcitrant data, we propose a new three-stage model of the acquisition of scope relations. Most importantly, at the initial stage, child grammars make available only one interpretation of negative sentences with modal expressions. We call this the Unique Scope Assignment (USA) stage.

中文翻译:

生于美国:儿童语言中的情态量词和名词量词的比较

语言学习者面临的挑战之一是如何使用多种逻辑运算符(例如,名词量词,模态,否定)来掌握句子的解释,其中不同的解释取决于不同的范围分配。已经发现五岁的孩子比潜在的歧义句子获得的阅读要少得多(Lidz和Musolino,Lang Acquis 13(2):73–102,2006; Musolino,通用语法和语义知识的获得) ,1998; Musolino和Lidz,Lang Acquis 11(4):277-291,2003等)。最近,Gualmini等。(Nat Lang Semant 16:205–237,2008)表明,通过谨慎的上下文操纵,有可能引起幼儿的某些公认的解释。他们的建议很笼统 但是他们的工作重点是涉及名词量词和否定的句子。本文将这项研究扩展到具有情态表达的句子。我们两项实验研究的结果表明,在带有模态表达的潜在含糊句子中,Gualmini及其同事引入的上下文操纵方式不足以解释儿童的初始范围解释。针对顽固的数据,我们提出了一种新的三阶段范围关系获取模型。最重要的是,在初始阶段,子语法仅对带有模态表达的否定句子提供一种解释。我们称此为“唯一范围分配(USA)”阶段。本文将这项研究扩展到具有情态表达的句子。我们两项实验研究的结果表明,在带有模态表达的潜在含糊句子中,Gualmini及其同事引入的上下文操纵方式不足以解释儿童的初始范围解释。针对顽固的数据,我们提出了一种新的三阶段范围关系获取模型。最重要的是,在初始阶段,子语法仅对带有模态表达的否定句子提供一种解释。我们称此为“唯一范围分配(USA)”阶段。本文将这项研究扩展到具有情态表达的句子。我们两项实验研究的结果表明,在带有模态表达的潜在含糊句子中,Gualmini及其同事引入的上下文操纵方式不足以解释儿童的初始范围解释。针对顽固的数据,我们提出了一种新的三阶段范围关系获取模型。最重要的是,在初始阶段,子语法仅对带有模态表达的否定句子提供一种解释。我们称此为“唯一范围分配(USA)”阶段。Gualmini和同事引入的那种上下文操纵方式不足以解释儿童对初始范围的解释。针对顽固的数据,我们提出了一种新的三阶段范围关系获取模型。最重要的是,在初始阶段,子语法仅对带有模态表达的否定句子提供一种解释。我们称此为“唯一范围分配(USA)”阶段。Gualmini和同事引入的那种上下文操纵方式不足以解释儿童对初始范围的解释。针对顽固的数据,我们提出了一种新的三阶段范围关系获取模型。最重要的是,在初始阶段,子语法仅对带有模态表达的否定句子提供一种解释。我们称此为“唯一范围分配(USA)”阶段。
更新日期:2016-02-02
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