I provide arguments in favor of an implicature approach to Homogeneity (Magri in Pragmatics, semantics and the case of scalar implicatures, Palgrave Macmillan, London, pp 99–145, 2014) where the basic meaning of the kids laughed is some of the kids laughed, and its strengthened meaning is all of the kids laughed. The arguments come from asymmetries between positive and negatives sentences containing definite plurals with respect to (1) children’s behavior (Tieu et al. in Front Psychol, 2019. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02329 ), (2) the availability of Non-maximal readings, and (3) the robustness of neither-true-nor-false (‘gappy’) judgments (Križ and Chemla in Nat Lang Semant 23(3):205–248, 2015). I propose to avoid some problems of Magri’s analysis by modeling the Implicature account of Homogeneity after the Implicature account of Free Choice, based on a hitherto unnoticed analogy between the two phenomena. The approach that emerges has the advantages of Magri’s implicature account of Homogeneity (predicting asymmetries), while at the same time bears a close resemblance to recent approaches to Non-maximality (Malamud in Semant Pragmat 5(3):1–58. https://doi.org/10.3765/sp.5.3 , 2012; Križ and Spector in Interpreting plural predication: homogeneity and non-maximality, Ms., Institut Jean Nicod, 2017), which enables restating their account of Non-maximality as following from the context-sensitivity of implicature calculation.

中文翻译：

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同质性和非极大值的隐含解释

我提供了支持同质性的隐含方法的论据（Magri in Pragmatics, semantics and the case of scalar implications, Palgrave Macmillan, London, pp 99–145, 2014）其中孩子们笑的基本含义是一些孩子笑了，其强化的意思是所有的孩子都笑了。论点来自于（1）儿童行为（Tieu et al. in Front Psychol, 2019. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02329 ）、（2）、（2）非最大读数的可用性，以及 (3) 非真非假 ('gappy') 判断的稳健性 (Križ 和 Chemla 在 Nat Lang Semant 23(3):205–248, 2015)。我建议通过在自由选择的蕴涵解释之后对同质性的蕴涵解释建模来避免 Magri 分析中的一些问题，基于这两种现象之间迄今为止未被注意的类比。出现的方法具有 Magri 对同质性（预测不对称性）的隐含解释的优点，同时与最近的非极大值方法非常相似（Semant Pragmat 5(3):1-58 中的 Malamud。https： //doi.org/10.3765/sp.5.3 , 2012; Križ 和 Spector in Interpreting Multiple Predication: homogeneity and non-maximality, Ms., Institut Jean Nicod, 2017)，这使得他们对非极大性的解释如下隐含计算的上下文敏感性。