This paper considers the modelling of aspects of context of situation and aspects of discourse in such a way as to bring out inequalities in status between speakers and the effects of these on the exchanges of which the discourse is composed. The paper is also concerned with ways of playing down/reinforcing such inequalities. First a partial model of context of situation will be introduced designed to distinguish different types of inequality in status, and then a model of exchange structure designed to bring out differences in discourse. It will be shown that these existing models, when applied to naturally occurring discourse, can already to some extent reveal differences of the types under consideration. However the paper will then move on to discuss how the models might be developed further. The work of other researchers who have used the models will be reviewed, notably that of Martin et al. (2009), Zappavigna and Martin (2018), Rose (2014), Muntigl, 2004, Muntigl, 2009, O’Donnell, 1990, O’Donnell, 1999. What problems have these researchers encountered, what revisions have they proposed? After discussion of particular problems and possible revisions, the paper will move to more general discussion of what is meant by dynamism in modelling.

本文考虑了对情境语境和话语方面的建模，以揭示说话者之间地位的不平等以及这些不平等对构成话语的交流的影响。该论文还关注淡化/加强这种不平等的方法。首先介绍一个局部情景语境模型，旨在区分不同类型的地位不平等，然后介绍一个旨在体现话语差异的交换结构模型。将表明，当应用于自然发生的话语时，这些现有模型已经可以在一定程度上揭示所考虑类型的差异。然而，论文随后将继续讨论如何进一步开发这些模型。将审查使用这些模型的其他研究人员的工作，特别是 Martin 等人的工作。(2009), Zappavigna and Martin (2018), Rose (2014), Muntigl, 2004, Muntigl, 2009, O'Donnell, 1990, O'Donnell, 1999。 这些研究人员遇到了哪些问题，他们提出了哪些修订？在讨论了特定问题和可能的修订之后，本文将转向更一般的讨论，即建模中的动态性是什么意思。