The United Kingdom’s withdrawal from the 1964 Fisheries Convention and from the European Union has raised questions concerning the potential existence of third states’ fishing rights in the UK’s maritime zones post-Brexit. Historic fishing rights are a complex and controversial issue in the law of the sea. Uncertainty remains regarding their nature, the process for their formation and ascertainment, as well as their contemporary relevance in the light of the Law of the Sea Convention (LOSC) and other fisheries agreements. This article explores the concept of historic fishing rights in the law of the sea. First, it examines the nature and scope of historic fishing rights as discussed in the jurisprudence of international courts and tribunals and their relationship with other akin terms such as ‘customary’ and ‘traditional’ fishing rights. Issues related to the formation and establishment of these rights are also explored. The article also examines whether these rights have been superseded by the LOSC in the territorial sea and exclusive economic zone (EEZ), or whether they are still relevant in the post-LOSC era and maritime zones. It finally explores the relationship between historic fishing rights and treaty-based fishing access rights, and addresses the question posed by Brexit whether withdrawal from a fishing access treaty can unilaterally eliminate any related pre-existing historic rights. This discussion will provide an answer to the question whether it is possible for other states to have historic fishing rights in the UK’s territorial sea and EEZ following its withdrawal from the London Fisheries Convention and the European Union.

中文翻译：

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海洋法和英国脱欧中的历史捕鱼权

英国退出 1964 年渔业公约和欧盟引发了人们对英国脱欧后第三国在英国海域可能存在捕鱼权的问题。历史悠久的捕鱼权是海洋法中一个复杂而有争议的问题。根据《海洋法公约》（LOSC）和其他渔业协定，它们的性质、它们的形成和确定过程以及它们在当代的相关性仍然存在不确定性。本文探讨了海洋法中历史性捕鱼权的概念。首先，它考察了国际法院和法庭判例中讨论的历史捕鱼权的性质和范围，以及它们与“习惯”和“传统”捕鱼权等其他类似术语的关系。还探讨了与这些权利的形成和确立有关的问题。文章还探讨了这些权利在领海和专属经济区 (EEZ) 是否已被 LOSC 取代，或者它们在后 LOSC 时代和海域是否仍然相关。最后探讨了历史性捕鱼权与基于条约的捕鱼权之间的关系，并解决了英国退欧提出的问题，即退出捕鱼权条约是否可以单方面消除任何相关的预先存在的历史性权利。本次讨论将为其他国家在英国退出伦敦渔业公约和欧盟后是否有可能在英国领海和专属经济区拥有历史性捕鱼权的问题提供答案。