Present in many of the world's languages, expressives (also called ideophones or mimetics) are commonly discussed as iconic ‘depictions’ of speaker's sensual experiences. Yet anthropologists and linguists working with these constructions have noticed that they also index ‘social types’ that perdure across interactional events. This article analyzes the semiotic relation between depiction and social stereotypes embedded in expressive use by examining video data from interviews with speakers of Mundari, an expressive-rich Austro-Asiatic language spoken in eastern India. Presenting interview data taken from both lab-based elicitations as well as ethnographic interviews in Mundari-speaking villages, the article claims that speakers deploy multimodal resources such as gesture and gaze in concert with expressives in order to re-intepret social indexes as felt, embodied experiences (rheme) while also juxtaposing these experiences with elements in the immediately perceptible material world (dicent). The article also addresses issues of ethics, agency, and materiality entailed by multimodal expressive depiction. (Ideophones, multimodality, materiality, embodiment, semiotics)*

中文翻译：

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蒙达里社会类型的表达和多模态描述

存在于世界上许多语言中的表达词（也称为表音词或模仿词）通常被讨论为对说话者感官体验的标志性“描述”。然而，研究这些结构的人类学家和语言学家注意到，它们还索引了在交互事件中持续存在的“社会类型”。本文通过检查对 Mundari（一种在印度东部使用的富有表现力的南亚语言）演讲者的采访视频数据，分析了表达性使用中嵌入的描绘和社会刻板印象之间的符号学关系。展示从基于实验室的启发以及在讲 Mundari 的村庄进行的民族志访谈中获取的访谈数据，这篇文章声称，演讲者将手势和凝视等多模式资源与表达方式相结合，以便将社会指标重新解释为感受到的、体现的体验（rheme），同时还将这些体验与直接可感知的物质世界中的元素并列（dient）。这篇文章还讨论了多模态表达描绘所带来的伦理、代理和物质性问题。（表音器、多模态、物质性、具身性、符号学）*