This paper investigates interspeaker variation in the mid and low short vowels of Jewish Montreal English, analyzing the Canadian Shift in both production and perception. In production, we find that young women are leading in the retraction of /æ/ and the lowering and retraction of /ε/. We furthermore find that across speakers, the retraction of /æ/ is correlated with the lowering and retraction of /ε/, providing quantitative evidence that the movements of these two vowels are linked. The trajectory implied by our production data differs from what was reported in Montreal approximately one generation earlier. In contrast to reliable age differences in production, a vowel categorization task shows widespread intergenerational agreement in perception, highlighting a mismatch: in this speech community, there is evidently more systematic variation in production than in perception. We suggest that this is because all individuals are exposed to both innovative and conservative variants and must perceptually accommodate accordingly.

中文翻译：

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产生和感知加拿大元音转换：来自蒙特利尔社区的证据

本文调查了犹太蒙特利尔英语的中低短元音的语际变化，分析了加拿大在生产和感知方面的转变。在生产中，我们发现年轻女性在 /æ/ 的回缩和 /ε/ 的降低和回缩方面处于领先地位。我们进一步发现，在说话人中，/æ/的回缩与/ε/的降低和回缩相关，提供了这两个元音的运动相关的定量证据。我们的生产数据所暗示的轨迹与大约一代前在蒙特利尔报告的轨迹不同。与生产中可靠的年龄差异相比，元音分类任务显示出广泛的代际感知一致，突出了不匹配：在这个语音社区中，显然，生产中的系统性变化比感知上的变化更大。我们认为这是因为所有人都接触到创新和保守的变体，并且必须在感知上相应地适应。