In many varieties of African American English (AAE), glottal stop replacement and deletion of word-final /t/ and /d/ results in consonant neutralization, while the underlying voicing distinction may be maintained by other cues, such as vowel duration. Here, I examine the relationship between vowel duration, final glottal stop replacement, and deletion of word-final /t, d/ to determine whether the phonological contrast of consonant voicing is maintained through duration of the preceding vowel. Data come from conversational interviews of AAE speakers in North Carolina, Tennessee, and Washington, DC. Results indicate that glottalization and deletion of word-final /t/ and /d/ are widespread across the speakers in the analysis. Additionally, the duration of vowels is significantly longer before underlying /d/ than /t/ for consonant neutralized contexts, thus showing that duration, normally a secondary cue to final voicing, may be becoming a primary cue in AAE.

中文翻译：

---

非裔美国人英语中的不完全中和：以最后辅音发声为例

在许多非裔美国人英语 (AAE) 中，声门塞音替换和词尾 /t/ 和 /d/ 的删除导致辅音中和，而潜在的发声区别可能由其他线索维持，例如元音持续时间。在这里，我检查了元音持续时间、最终声门塞音替换和词尾 /t、d/ 删除之间的关系，以确定辅音发声的语音对比是否通过前一个元音的持续时间保持。数据来自对北卡罗来纳州、田纳西州和华盛顿特区的 AAE 演讲者的对话采访。结果表明，在分析中，词尾 /t/ 和 /d/ 的声门化和删除在说话者中普遍存在。此外，在辅音中和上下文中，元音在基础 /d/ 之前的持续时间明显长于 /t/，