ABSTRACT

This article investigates clause linkage in Setswana arguing that, just like in other languages of the world, Setswana complex sentences cannot be classified simply into coordinate and subordinate structures. Using syntactic evidence such as scope facts (involving modality/mood, tense and polarity) as well as morphological evidence, we demonstrate that conjoined clauses in Setswana can be classified into three nexuses, namely coordination (which involves two independent junctures, with one involving a conjunction and the other involving juncture juxtaposition); cosubordination (which involves three types of dependencies: structural, morphological and operator dependency), and subordination (in which a dependent clause is embedded in the main clause, e.g. subject and object complement sentences; relative clauses; sentential and adverbial modifiers). The analysis in this article is guided by Role and Reference Grammar theory.

摘要

本文研究了Setswana中的从句链接，认为与世界上其他语言一样，Setswana复杂句子不能简单地分为坐标和从属结构。利用句法证据，例如范围事实（涉及情态/情绪，时态和极性）以及形态学证据，我们证明了塞斯瓦纳语中的连词从句可以分为三个联系，即协调（涉及两个独立的接合点，其中一个涉及连词和其他涉及接合点的并置）；共从属（涉及从属的三种类型：结构，形态和运算符从属）和从属（在从属中嵌入从属从句，例如主语和宾语补语；相对从句；句子和状语修饰语）。