Remediation has long been a costly way to address the misalignment between K‐12 and higher education. In 2011, the California State University (CSU), the nation's largest public four‐year university system, enacted Early Start, requiring students needing remediation to enroll in such courses in the summer before their freshman year. We estimate the impact of Early Start summer remediation relative to both traditional fall remediation and relative to no remediation at all. Our results suggest Early Start summer remediation has not improved student performance or persistence relative to either alternative. As many states move away from remedial courses altogether, there is continued need for both innovation and for evidence in policy and practice to improve college readiness and success.

中文翻译：

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早开始是更好的开始吗？评估加州州立大学的早期启动补救政策

长期以来，补救措施一直是解决 K-12 与高等教育之间不一致问题的昂贵方法。2011 年，美国最大的公立四年制大学系统加州州立大学 (CSU) 颁布了 Early Start，要求需要补习的学生在大一前的夏季注册此类课程。我们估计了早期开始夏季修复相对于传统秋季修复和完全没有修复的影响。我们的结果表明，与任何一种选择相比，Early Start 暑期补习并没有提高学生的表现或坚持。随着许多州完全放弃补习课程，持续需要创新以及政策和实践中的证据，以提高大学准备和成功。