ABSTRACT The effects of a package intervention including prompts, goal setting, feedback, education, and behavioral self-monitoring to increase following headway (decrease tailgating) of three young drivers were evaluated in a simulated driving environment. Another objective of the present study was to determine if the effects of the package intervention would maintain in the simulator and transfer to real-world driving by assessing driving behavior recorded using a black box video camera in the participants’ vehicles. During intervention, drivers were prompted to increase following headway and were provided a specific target for following headway. The participants were asked to estimate following headway after each session and when the session ended were given feedback on actual following headway. The introduction of the treatment package in the simulator was associated with an increase in following headway for all participants. During the reversal phase maintenance occurred for all participants. The effects transferred to real-world driving for all participants. Teaching young drivers in a simulator to increase following headway may be one strategy to decrease the risk of crashes.

中文翻译：

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增加驾驶模拟器中的跟随进度并转移到现实世界驾驶

摘要 在模拟驾驶环境中评估了包括提示、目标设定、反馈、教育和行为自我监控在内的一揽子干预措施的效果，以增加三位年轻驾驶员的跟车距离（减少尾随）。本研究的另一个目的是通过评估使用参与者车辆中的黑匣子摄像机记录的驾驶行为，确定包装干预的效果是否会在模拟器中保持并转移到现实世界的驾驶中。在干预过程中，驾驶员被提示增加跟车时距，并提供跟车时距的特定目标。参与者被要求在每次会议后估计后续进展，并在会议结束时获得有关实际后续进展的反馈。在模拟器中引入治疗包与所有参与者的后续进展增加有关。在逆转阶段，所有参与者都进行了维护。效果转移到所有参与者的真实驾驶中。在模拟器中教年轻司机增加跟车距离可能是降低碰撞风险的一种策略。