The English auxiliary system exhibits many lexical exceptions and subregularities, and considerable dialectal variation, all of which are frequently omitted from generative analyses and discussions. This paper presents a detailed, movement-free account of the English Auxiliary System within Sign-Based Construction Grammar (Sag 2010, Michaelis 2011, Boas & Sag 2012) that utilizes techniques of lexicalist and construction-based analysis. The resulting conception of linguistic knowledge involves constraints that license hierarchical structures directly (as in context-free grammar), rather than by appeal to mappings over such structures. This allows English auxiliaries to be modeled as a class of verbs whose behavior is governed by general and class-specific constraints. Central to this account is a novel use of the feature aux, which is set both constructionally and lexically, allowing for a complex interplay between various grammatical constraints that captures a wide range of exceptional patterns, most notably the vexing distribution of unstressed do, and the fact that Ellipsis can interact with other aspects of the analysis to produce the feeding and blocking relations that are needed to generate the complex facts of EAS. The present approach, superior both descriptively and theoretically to existing transformational approaches, also serves to undermine views of the biology of language and acquisition such as Berwick et al. (2011), which are centered on mappings that manipulate hierarchical phrase structures in a structure-dependent fashion.

中文翻译：

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英语辅助系统的教训

英语辅助系统表现出许多词汇例外和子规则，以及相当大的方言变化，所有这些都经常在生成分析和讨论中被忽略。本文介绍了基于符号的构造语法（Sag 2010、Michaelis 2011、Boas & Sag 2012）中的英语辅助系统的详细、无移动的描述，该系统利用了词汇和基于构造的分析技术。由此产生的语言知识概念涉及直接许可层次结构的约束（如在上下文无关语法中），而不是诉诸此类结构的映射。这允许将英语助动词建模为一类动词，其行为受一般约束和特定类约束。此帐户的核心是对该功能的新颖使用辅助，它在结构和词汇上都设置，允许各种语法约束之间复杂的相互作用，捕捉到广泛的异常模式，最显着的是非重读的令人烦恼的分布做，以及 Ellipsis 可以与分析的其他方面交互以产生生成 EAS 复杂事实所需的馈送和阻塞关系这一事实。目前的方法在描述性和理论上都优于现有的转化方法，也有助于破坏诸如 Berwick 等人的语言和习得生物学的观点。（2011），其中心是以结构相关的方式操纵分层短语结构的映射。