This study is a corpus-based analysis of clause-initial adverbs and their ability to invert pronominal and nominal subjects in Old English (OE) prose. There is a limited set of adverbs, referred to as “operators” in generative studies of OE syntax, which may cause inversion of personal pronoun subjects; these are þa, þonne, nu, and swa. In this study, numerous differences between the syntactic behavior of these adverbs are revealed, showing that they should not be treated as a syntactically coherent group. The analysis is focused on various factors that have an impact on inversion rates of the adverbs: the presence of the interjection hwæt before the adverb the frequency of correlation, Latin influence on translated texts, information status of the subject, semantic differences and the extra-clausal status of the adverb, as well as diachronic changes within the OE period.

中文翻译：

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古英语中从句开头副词后的倒置：þa、þonne、nu 和 swa 的特殊地位

本研究是基于语料库的分析，分析了古英语 (OE) 散文中的从句开头的副词及其反转代词和名义主语的能力。有一组有限的副词，在 OE 句法的生成研究中被称为“操作符”，可能会导致人称代词主语倒置；它们是 þa、þonne、nu 和 swa。在这项研究中，揭示了这些副词的句法行为之间的许多差异，表明它们不应被视为句法连贯的组。分析集中在影响副词倒转率的各种因素上：副词前是否存在感叹词hwæt 相关频率，拉丁语对翻译文本的影响，主题的信息状态，语义差异和额外的副词的从句状态，