This research explores the historical roots of the division of labor in pre-industrial societies. Exploiting a variety of identification strategies and a novel ethnic level dataset combining geocoded ethnographic, linguistic and genetic data, it shows that higher levels of intra-ethnic diversity were conducive to economic specialization in the pre-industrial era. The findings are robust to a host of geographical, institutional, cultural and historical confounders, and suggest that variation in intra-ethnic diversity is a key predictor of the division of labor in pre-industrial times.

中文翻译：

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前工业时代分工的起源

这项研究探讨了前工业社会中分工的历史根源。利用各种识别策略和结合地理编码的人种学，语言学和遗传学数据的新的族裔水平数据集，表明较高水平的族裔内部多样性有利于前工业时代的经济专业化。这些发现对许多地理，制度，文化和历史混杂因素都是有力的，并且表明种族内部多样性的变化是工业化前时期劳动分工的关键预测指标。