We investigate the difference in homeownership rates between natives and first-generation immigrants in France, and how this difference evolves over the 1975-1999 period, by using a large longitudinal dataset. We find that the homeownership gap is large and has increased. Entries into the territory have a large negative effect on the evolution of homeownership rates for immigrants. Although entrants have on average better education than people staying in the territory for the entire period (i.e. stayers), they are younger and thus at an earlier stage in the wealth accumulation process. They are also located in large cities, where the homeownership rate is lower, and the returns to their characteristics are lower than those for stayers. Leavers have a positive effect on the evolution of homeownership rates for immigrants because they have a low access to homeownership and they exit the country. But this effect is only one-third that of entrants. For stayers, we show that returns to characteristics change in favor of immigrants, which is consistent with assimilation theories. However, among stayers who access homeownership, immigrants end up in owned dwellings that are of lesser quality than natives.

中文翻译：

---

法国移民的房屋所有权：与国际移民流动相关的选择效应

我们使用大型纵向数据集调查了法国本地人和第一代移民在房屋拥有率方面的差异，以及这种差异在 1975 年至 1999 年期间的演变情况。我们发现房屋所有权差距很大，并且有所增加。进入该地区对移民的房屋拥有率的演变有很大的负面影响。尽管入境者平均受教育程度高于在整个时期内逗留在该地区的人（即逗留者），但他们更年轻，因此处于财富积累过程的较早阶段。他们也位于大城市，房屋自有率较低，其特征回报低于常住者。离开者对移民房屋拥有率的演变有积极影响，因为他们获得房屋所有权的机会很少并且他们离开了这个国家。但这种影响只有进入者的三分之一。对于留守者，我们表明回归特征有利于移民，这与同化理论是一致的。然而，在获得房屋所有权的居民中，移民最终拥有的住房质量低于当地人。