In this paper, I examine a phenomenon in Korean involving fragment answers and consider its implications. Taking as a point of departure the generalization that case markers on ellipsis remnants in fragment answers can be omitted only in string-final position, I argue that in these situations, PF deletion extends into the ellipsis remnant, deleting parts of it, such as a case marker, a postposition or, sometimes, even the head noun, up to recoverability and under adjacency to a string of elements that are deleted in PF for independent reasons. This parasitic deletion process, which I term “extra deletion,” sheds light on the nature of PF deletion, which I argue operates on strings of elements, similarly to the way that syntactic operations target constituents. The crucial idea is that, although it is mostly syntax that determines what is to be deleted (and, thus, elements that undergo ellipsis are usually syntactic constituents), PF deletion also has its own guidelines when it applies—namely that elements that are elided should form an unbroken, continuous string. What is interesting is that in contexts of extra deletion, the string of deleted elements is extended beyond what is initially marked for deletion by syntax, an important consequence of which is that PF deletion can ignore syntactic constituents. Furthermore, I make the novel observation that there exists a significant parallelism between fragment answers and right node raising, which has not been noted in the literature due to the sheer differences in their structure, surface form, and use. I argue that postulating extra deletion allows us to capture the parallelism straightforwardly, which in turn provides an additional argument for the PF deletion analysis of the latter construction, for which there have been several alternatives.

中文翻译：

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片段答案中的额外删除及其含义

在本文中，我研究了韩语中涉及片段答案的现象并考虑了其含义。考虑到出发点的普遍性，即片段答案中省略号残余上的大小写标记只能在字符串最终位置省略，我认为在这种情况下，PF删除会扩展到省略号残余中，从而删除其一部分，例如大小写标记，后置位置，有时甚至是首字母名词，直至可恢复性并邻接由于独立原因在PF中删除的一串元素。我将这种寄生删除过程称为“额外删除”，从而阐明了PF删除的性质，我认为PF删除是针对元素字符串进行操作的，类似于句法操作针对成分的方式。关键的想法是，尽管主要由语法确定要删除的内容（因此，经过省略号的元素通常是语法组成部分），但PF删除在适用时也有其自己的准则-即，被删除的元素应形成不间断的，连续的串。有趣的是，在额外删除的上下文中，已删除元素的字符串扩展到最初由语法标记为要删除的元素之外，其重要结果是PF删除可以忽略语法成分。此外，我做出了一个新颖的观察，即片段答案与右节点提升之间存在着显着的平行性，由于其结构，表面形式和使用方面的巨大差异，文献中并未对此进行说明。