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Classifier syntax in Vietnamese
Journal of East Asian Linguistics ( IF 0.5 ) Pub Date : 2018-06-06 , DOI: 10.1007/s10831-018-9181-5
Andrew Simpson , Binh Ngo

Vietnamese is a language with a three-way split in the appearance of numeral classifiers when nouns are counted: some nouns always require classifiers (obligatory-classifier nouns), others occur only optionally with classifiers (optional-classifier nouns), and a third group never combines with a classifier (non-classified nouns). This distribution provides potentially important information on the much debated question of whether classifiers functionally combine with numerals (Bale and Coon in Linguist Inq 45:695–707, 2014) or with nouns (Li in Linguist Inq 29(4):693–702, 1998; Cheng and Sybesma in Linguist Inq 30:509–542, 1999). It also appears to challenge Chierchia’s (Nat Lang Semant 6(4):339–405, 1998) characterization of the basic semantic type of nouns found in different languages, which assumes a uniform pattern of classifier occurrence in numeral classifier languages. Having described the broad distribution of classifiers in Vietnamese and the questions this raises, the article probes the syntactic properties of classifiers with the three types of noun in the language, considering double classifier patterns, fragment answers, passive constructions, and the use of classifiers with certain compound nouns. Evidence from such phenomena is shown to support the hypothesis that a uniform syntactic structure is actually projected with nouns of all types in Vietnamese, but sometimes masked by the use of nouns to overtly lexicalize both the N and CL positions in nominal projections through N-to-Cl movement.

中文翻译:

越南语中的分类器语法

越南语是一种在对名词进行计数时在数字分类器的外观上分为三类的语言:某些名词总是需要分类器(强制性分类器名词),其他名词仅可选地与分类器一起出现(可选分类器名词),第三组从不与分类器(未分类的名词)结合使用。这种分布提供了关于分类器在功能上是与数字(Bale和Coon在Linguist Inq 45:695–707,2014)还是在名词(Li在Linguist Inq 29(4):693-702, 1998; Cheng和Sybesma在Linguist Inq 30:509-542,1999)。它似乎也挑战了Chierchia(Nat Lang Semant 6(4):339–405,1998)对在不同语言中发现的名词的基本语义类型的刻画,它假定数字分类器语言中分类器出现的统一模式。在描述了越南语中分类器的广泛分布以及由此带来的问题之后,本文探讨了语言中三种名词的分类器的句法属性,并考虑了双重分类器模式,片段答案,被动构造以及将分类器与某些复合名词。来自这种现象的证据表明支持以下假设:越南语中实际上用所有类型的名词投射出统一的句法结构,但有时被名词掩盖,用名词性地将词义投射中的N和CL位置通过N-to词汇化。 -Cl运动。本文探讨了语言中三种类型的名词的分类器的句法属性,其中考虑了双重分类器模式,片段答案,被动构造以及某些复合名词对分类器的使用。来自这种现象的证据表明支持以下假设:越南语中实际上用所有类型的名词投射出统一的句法结构,但有时被名词掩盖,用名词性地将词义投射中的N和CL位置通过N-to词汇化。 -Cl运动。本文探讨了语言中三种类型的名词的分类器的句法属性,其中考虑了双重分类器模式,片段答案,被动构造以及某些复合名词对分类器的使用。来自这种现象的证据表明支持以下假设:越南语中实际上用所有类型的名词投射出统一的句法结构,但有时被名词掩盖,用名词性地将词义投射中的N和CL位置通过N-to词汇化。 -Cl运动。
更新日期:2018-06-06
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