In this paper, I make critical use of certain word order and semantic properties of ditransitive expressions to develop an argument for the LF-copy theory of argument ellipsis (Oku in A theory of selection and reconstruction in the minimalist perspective, University of Connecticut, Storrs, 1998; Saito in Lang Res 43:203–222, 2007; in: Shibatani, Miyagawa, and Noda (eds) Handbook of Japanese syntax, Mouton de Gruyter, Berlin, 2017; Sakamoto in J East Asian Linguist 25:243–274, 2016; Escape from silent syntax, University of Connecticut, Storrs, 2017). Firstly, I summarize and extend Sakamoto’s (in: Paper presented at the 148th Annual Meeting of the Linguistic Society of Japan, Hosei University, Tokyo, 2014; 2016; 2017) argument based on rigid ditransitive idioms and show that the possible ellipsis of a non-idiomatic argument to the exclusion of the idiom chunks and the ditransitive verb is best accounted for in terms of argument ellipsis. Secondly, I point out a hitherto unnoticed observation, that no internal constituent within ditransitive figurative expressions may undergo ellipsis without losing a non-literal, metaphorical interpretation associated with its containing VP, and I demonstrate how this observation presents critical evidence in favor of the LF-copy theory of argument ellipsis over its competing PF-deletion alternative.

中文翻译：

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成语，自变量省略号和LF复制

在本文中，我关键性地利用了双及物表达的某些词序和语义特性，为论据省略号的LF复制理论（奥克在极简主义视角下的选择与重构理论，康涅狄格大学，斯托斯，1998； Saito在Lang Res 43：203–222，2007；中：Shibatani，Miyagawa和Noda（eds）日语语法手册，Mouton de Gruyter，柏林，2017； Sakamoto in J East Asian Linguist 25：243–274 ，2016年；从无声语法中逃脱，康涅狄格大学，斯托斯分校，2017年）。首先，我总结并扩展了坂本的著作（在：2014年，东京法政大学，日本语言学会第148届年会上发表的论文； 2016年；（2017）基于刚性双及物成语的论证，并表明，将非成语形参排除成语组块和双及物动词排除​​在外的可能省略号最好用自变量省略号来解释。其次，我指出了迄今为止尚未引起注意的观察，即在不失去与包含其VP的非文字，隐喻性解释的情况下，双及物比喻表达中的内部成分都可以进行省略号，并且我演示了该观察是如何提供有利于LF的关键证据的竞争性PF删除替代方案的省略号复制理论。