This paper reconfirms that the Japanese comparative constructions making use of the morphemes izyoo(ni) and gurai (henceforth the izyoo(ni)- and gurai-comparatives) express a comparison of deviation in the sense of Bierwisch (in: Bierwisch and Lang (eds.) Dimensional adjectives, Springer, Berlin, 1989) and Kennedy (Linguist Philos 24:33–70, 2001) rather than a standard comparison, a thesis that Hayashishita (Gengo Kenkyu 132:77–109, 2007) maintains. That is, with these comparatives, the matrix object and the object embedded in the sister phrase/clause of izyoo(ni) or gurai are each compared with the standard relevant to a context, and those objects are then compared in terms of how much they exceed the relevant standards. In support of the very thesis, it argues that the izyoo(ni)- and gurai-comparatives necessarily involve two distinct scales, one against which the matrix object is measured and the other against which the object embedded in the sister phrase/clause of izyoo(ni) or gurai is measured. It also demonstrates that the generalization Kubota (Gengo Kenkyu 141:33–46, 2012) puts forth, which prompted him to analyze them as expressing a standard comparison, is compatible with analyzing them as comparisons of deviation.

中文翻译：

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重新确认izyoo（ni）和gurai比较类作为偏差的比较

本文再次确认，日本的比较结构使用了词素izyoo（ni）和gurai（此后称为izyoo（ni）和gurai- comparatives）在Bierwisch的意义上表达了偏差的比较（见Bierwisch和Lang（eds））。 。）形容词形容词，施普林格，柏林，1989年；肯尼迪（语言学家Philos 24：33-70，2001），而不是标准的比较，Hayashishita（Gengo Kenkyu 132：77-109，2007）坚持的论点。也就是说，通过这些比较，矩阵对象和嵌入在izyoo（ni）或gurai的姐妹短语/子句中的对象将每个对象与与上下文相关的标准进行比较，然后根据对象超出相关标准的数量比较这些对象。为了支持这一论点，它认为izyoo（ni）和gurai比较器必然涉及两个不同的尺度，一个尺度用于测量矩阵对象，另一个尺度用于嵌入izyoo的姐妹短语/子句中的对象。 （ni）或gurai被测量。这也证明了Kubota（Gengo Kenkyu 141：33-46，2012）提出的概括，促使他将其分析为表达标准比较，与将其分析为偏差比较是兼容的。