International humanitarian law (IHL) is increasingly being invoked as a potential legal vehicle for individual claims to reparations, including compensation, postconflict. In this article, I explore the limitations of such an approach. In particular, I examine the distinctly pragmatic nature of IHL, which takes as its starting premise the existence of armed conflict and from this point seeks to attenuate the effects of conflict and address the suffering and needs of those caught up in it. Drawing largely on the work of Jean Pictet, I consider how a rights-based approach – which is founded primarily on legal constructs rather than the broader needs of victims of conflict – fits with the conceptual framework of IHL. This exploration feeds into discussions on the role of rights in the context of transitional justice.

中文翻译：

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需要还是权利？探索对违反国际人道主义法的个人赔偿的限制

国际人道法 (IHL) 越来越多地被用作个人在冲突后要求赔偿（包括赔偿）的潜在法律工具。在本文中，我探讨了这种方法的局限性。特别是，我考察了国际人道法明显实用的性质，它以武装冲突的存在为出发点，并从这一点上寻求减轻冲突的影响并解决陷入其中的人的痛苦和需求。我主要借鉴让·皮克泰 (Jean Pictet) 的工作，考虑以权利为基础的方法——主要基于法律结构而非冲突受害者的更广泛需求——如何符合国际人道法的概念框架。这种探索有助于讨论在过渡时期司法的背景下权利的作用。