The spread of the internet has led to the evolution of on-line communities (OCs) as collectives of members who share common goals. Whilst many OCs involve individuals who engage voluntarily for mutual interest, commercial and government organizations engage involuntary stakeholders in their less egalitarian OCs. Although research has explored how members perceive and achieve value in voluntary OCs, exploration of the strategies used to engage stakeholders and deliver value in OCs where the membership is more diverse and less than voluntary, is required. We investigate this issue through a longitudinal case study of two OCs related to delivering government employment services. Our findings demonstrate the role of governance in fostering stakeholders' cognitive, emotional and behavioral engagement in two OCs, and related governance of the IT system that was subsequently deployed. Further, assessment of the performance outcomes, reported in terms of the primary stakeholder's objectives, indicates that value has been achieved for the mutual benefit of the OCs' multiple stakeholders. Analysis of the processes of value creation, in terms of Makadok's four causal mechanisms for generating profit, show that whilst the key stakeholder preemptively committed timelines, governance mechanisms that generated competition and flexibility (rather than restraining rivalry), and delivered competitive advantage and information asymmetry, produced value for government, service providers, jobseekers and employers.

互联网的普及导致在线社区（OC）的发展成为具有共同目标的成员的集合。尽管许多OC都涉及出于共同利益而自愿参与的个人，但是商业组织和政府组织却在其非平等的OC中让非自愿利益相关者参与。尽管研究已经探索了成员如何在自愿性OC中感知和实现价值，但仍需要探索用于使利益相关者参与并在成员更多且比自愿性少的OC中实现价值的策略。我们通过对两个与提供政府就业服务有关的法团的纵向案例研究来调查此问题。我们的研究结果证明了治理在促进利益相关者在两个OC中的认知，情感和行为参与方面的作用，以及随后部署的IT系统的相关治理。此外，根据主要利益相关者的目标报告的绩效结果评估表明，已经实现了价值，为的是OC的多个利益相关者的共同利益。根据马卡多克的四种创造利润的因果机制对价值创造过程的分析表明，尽管主要利益相关者抢先承诺了时间表，但治理机制却产生了竞争和灵活性（而不是限制竞争），并带来了竞争优势和信息不对称为政府，服务提供商，求职者和雇主创造价值。表示已经实现了价值，为的是OC的多个利益相关方的共同利益。根据马卡多克的四种创造利润的因果机制对价值创造过程的分析表明，尽管主要利益相关者抢先承诺了时间表，但治理机制却产生了竞争和灵活性（而不是限制竞争），并带来了竞争优势和信息不对称为政府，服务提供商，求职者和雇主创造价值。表示已经实现了价值，为的是OC的多个利益相关方的共同利益。根据马卡多克的四种创造利润的因果机制对价值创造过程的分析表明，尽管主要利益相关者抢先承诺了时间表，但治理机制却产生了竞争和灵活性（而不是限制竞争），并带来了竞争优势和信息不对称为政府，服务提供商，求职者和雇主创造价值。