Big data holds much potential, but it can also have a negative impact on individuals, particularly on their privacy and data protection rights. Data protection law is the point of departure in the discussion about big data; it is widely regarded as the answer to big data’s negative consequences. Yet a closer look at the criteria for applicability of EU data protection law reveals a number of weaknesses in the data protection law approach. Because the material scope of EU data protection law is dependent on the identifiability of individual, data protection only partially applies to the big data process. Therefore, in spite of its importance, data protection law is insufficient to protect individuals from big data’s potential harms.

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数据保护对大数据的可识别性和适用性

大数据具有很大的潜力，但它也可能对个人产生负面影响，尤其是对他们的隐私和数据保护权利。数据保护法是大数据讨论的出发点；它被广泛认为是大数据负面后果的答案。然而，仔细研究欧盟数据保护法的适用标准会发现数据保护法方法中的许多弱点。由于欧盟数据保护法的实质范围取决于个人的可识别性，因此数据保护仅部分适用于大数据过程。因此，尽管数据保护法很重要，但不足以保护个人免受大数据的潜在危害。