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Exploring problem conceptualization and performance in STEM problem solving contexts
Instructional Science ( IF 2.6 ) Pub Date : 2020-06-06 , DOI: 10.1007/s11251-020-09515-4
Thomas Delahunty , Niall Seery , Raymond Lynch

Problem solving abilities are critical components of contemporary Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) education. Research in the area of problem solving has uncovered much about the representation, processes and heuristic approaches to problem solving. However, critics claim this overemphasis on the process of solving problems has led to a dearth in understanding of the earlier stages such as problem conceptualization. This paper aims to address some of these concerns by exploring the area of problem conceptualization and the underlying cognitive mechanisms that may play a supporting role in reasoning success. Participants (N = 12) were prescribed a series of convergent problem-solving tasks representative of those used for developmental purposes in STEM education. During the problem-solving episodes, cognitive data were gathered by means of an electroencephalographic headset and used to investigate students’ cognitive approaches to conceptualizing the tasks. In addition, interpretive qualitative data in the form of post-task interviews and problem solutions were collected and analyzed. Overall findings indicated a significant reliance on memory during the conceptualization of the convergent problem-solving tasks. In addition, visuospatial cognitive processes were found to support the conceptualization of convergent problem-solving tasks. Visuospatial cognitive processes facilitated students during the conceptualization of convergent problems by allowing access to differential semantic content in long-term memory.



中文翻译:

探索STEM问题解决环境中的问题概念化和性能

解决问题的能力是当代科学,技术,工程和数学(STEM)教育的重要组成部分。问题解决领域的研究发现了很多有关问题解决的表示形式,过程和启发式方法。但是,批评家声称,过分强调解决问题的过程已导致人们对问题概念化等早期阶段的理解不足。本文旨在通过探讨问题的概念化领域以及可能在推理成功中起到辅助作用的潜在认知机制,来解决其中的一些问题。规定了参与者(N = 12)一系列收敛的问题解决任务,这些任务代表了在STEM教育中用于发展目的的任务。在解决问题期间,认知数据是通过脑电图头戴式耳机收集的,并用于调查学生的认知方法以概念化任务。此外,还收集并分析了任务后访谈和问题解决方案形式的解释性定性数据。总体发现表明,在收敛性问题解决任务的概念化过程中,显着依赖记忆。此外,视觉空间认知过程被发现可以支持收敛性问题解决任务的概念化。视觉空间认知过程通过允许访问长期记忆中的不同语义内容,在收敛问题的概念化过程中为学生提供了便利。此外,还收集并分析了任务后访谈和问题解决方案形式的解释性定性数据。总体发现表明,在收敛性问题解决任务的概念化过程中,显着依赖记忆。此外,视觉空间认知过程被发现可以支持收敛性问题解决任务的概念化。视觉空间认知过程通过允许访问长期记忆中的不同语义内容,在收敛问题的概念化过程中为学生提供了便利。此外,还收集并分析了任务后访谈和问题解决方案形式的解释性定性数据。总体发现表明,在收敛性问题解决任务的概念化过程中,显着依赖记忆。此外,视觉空间认知过程被发现可以支持收敛性问题解决任务的概念化。视觉空间认知过程通过允许访问长期记忆中的不同语义内容,在收敛问题的概念化过程中为学生提供了便利。发现视觉空间认知过程支持收敛性问题解决任务的概念化。视觉空间认知过程通过允许访问长期记忆中的不同语义内容,在收敛问题的概念化过程中为学生提供了便利。发现视觉空间认知过程支持收敛性问题解决任务的概念化。视觉空间认知过程通过允许访问长期记忆中的不同语义内容,在收敛问题的概念化过程中为学生提供了便利。

更新日期:2020-06-06
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