Abstract

This article contributes to and connects the literature on spatial innovation diffusion, entrepreneurship, and industry life-cycles by disentangling the relevance of local demand and supply in the adoption of wind energy production. More precisely, we evaluate the strength of local supply–push effects with those of local demand–pull over the course of the evolution of an industry and its main product evolution. By using Bayesian survival models with time-dependent data of wind turbine deployment and firm foundation for 402 German regions between the years 1970 and 2015, we show that the spatial evolution of the German wind energy industry was more strongly influenced by local demand–pull than local supply–push processes. New producers are found to emerge in proximity to existing local demand for wind turbines. No evidence was found for producers being able to create local demand for their products by pushing the adoption of the technology in their regions.

中文翻译：

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拉还是推？风能在当地需求和供应之间的空间扩散

摘要

本文通过区分当地需求和供应在采用风能生产中的相关性，为有关空间创新扩散，企业家精神和行业生命周期的文献做出了贡献，并将其联系起来。更准确地说，我们评估了在行业发展及其主要产品演进过程中，本地供应的强度（推力与本地需求的推力）。通过将贝叶斯生存模型与1970年至2015年之间402个德国地区的风力涡轮机部署和坚实基础的时变数据结合使用，我们表明，德国风能产业的空间演变受到本地需求拉动的影响大于本地供应推过程。发现新的生产商出现在与当地风力涡轮机现有需求接近的地方。